Abstract
Defining target product profiles (TPPs) for aptamer-based diagnostics is crucial to the success or failure of aptamer businesses or products. A well-conceived TPP will place the aptamer in an assay for a target against which antibodies are ill-suited or have difficulty detecting the analyte, such as some highly related proteins or poorly immunogenic small molecule haptens. Strong TPPs can also take advantage of the unique nucleic acid nature of aptamers, to produce assays with longer shelf life or special chemical properties and ability to be modified versus protein-based antibodies. The following chapter reviews the essence of well-conceived TPPs especially with respect to aptamer targets for diagnostics and illustrates several examples of commercial aptamer diagnostic success.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ellington AD, Szostak JW (1990) © 1990 Nature Publishing Group. Lett Nat 346:818–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(80)90501-9
Tuerk C, Gold L (1990) Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: chemi-SELEX. Science 249:505–510. https://doi.org/10.1038/346818a0
Nimjee SM, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA (2005) Aptamers: an emerging class of therapeutics. Annu Rev Med 56(1):555–583. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.56.062904.144915
Gold L (2015) SELEX: how it happened and where it will go. J Mol Evol 81(5–6):140–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-015-9705-9
Kaur H, Bruno JG, Kumar A, Sharma TK (2018) Aptamers in the therapeutics and diagnostics pipelines. Theranostics 8(15):4016–4032. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.25958
Mayer G (2009) The chemical biology of aptamers. Angew Chem Int Ed 48(15):2672–2689. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200804643
Zhou J, Rossi J (2017) Aptamers as targeted therapeutics: current potential and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 16(3):181–202. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2016.199
Bruno JG (2015) Predicting the uncertain future of aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Molecules 20(4):6866–6887. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20046866
Investors – Aptamer Group (2019) https://www.aptamergroup.co.uk/find-out-more/investors/. Accessed 5 Feb
Dhiman A, Kalra P, Bansal V, Bruno JG, Sharma TK (2017) Aptamer-based point-of-care diagnostic platforms. Sens Actuators B 246:535–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.02.060
Emerging Life Sciences Series (2011) Defining your target product profile: therapeutics. MaRS Entrepreneur Workbooks
Report Consensus Meeting (2017) Consensus meeting report
Tuberculosis (2019) https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis. Accessed 5 Feb
Boyle DS (2015) UNITAID tuberculosis diagnostics technology & market landscape 2nd-edition 2013
WHO (2013) Global Tuberculosis Report 2013
Weyer K, Mirzayev F, Migliori GB, Van Gemert W, D’Ambrosio L, Zignol M, Floyd K et al (2013) Rapid molecular TB diagnosis: evidence, policy making and global implementation of xpert MTB/RIF. Eur Respir J 42(1):252–271. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00157212
Pai NP, Vadnais C, Denkinger C, Engel N, Pai M (2012) Point-of-care testing for infectious diseases: diversity, complexity, and barriers in low- and middle-income countries. PLoS Med 9(9):e1001306. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001306
Lavania S, Das R, Dhiman A, Myneedu VP, Verma A, Singh N, Sharma TK, Tyagi JS (2018) Aptamer-based TB antigen tests for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: potential utility in screening for tuberculosis. ACS Infect Dis 4:1718–1726. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00201
Kaur H, Bhagwat SR, Sharma TK, Kumar A (2018) Analytical techniques for characterization of biological molecules – proteins and aptamers/oligonucleotides. Bioanalysis 11:103–117. https://doi.org/10.4155/bio-2018-0225
Kaur H, Li JJ, Bay BH, Yung LYL (2013) Investigating the antiproliferative activity of high affinity DNA aptamer on cancer cells. PLoS One 8(1):e50964. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050964
Kaur H, Yung LYL (2012) Probing high affinity sequences of DNA aptamer against VEGF 165. PLoS One 7(2):19–26. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031196
Sharma TK, Bruno JG, Cho WC (2016) The point behind translation of aptamers for point of care diagnostics. Aptamers Synth Antibodies 2(2):36–42
Huang H, Zhao G, Dou W (2018) Portable and quantitative point-of-care monitoring of Escherichia coli O157:H7 using a personal glucose meter based on immunochromatographic assay. Biosens Bioelectron 107:266–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.027
Kapasi AJ, Dittrich S, González IJ, Rodwell TC (2016) Host biomarkers for distinguishing bacterial from non-bacterial causes of acute febrile illness: a comprehensive review. PLoS One 11(8):1–29. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160278
Jenison RD, Gill SC, Pardi A, Polisky B (1994) High-resolution molecular discrimination by RNA. Science 263(5152):1425–1429. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7510417
Cruz-Aguado JA, Penner G (2008) Determination of ochratoxin A with a DNA aptamer. J Agric Food Chem 56(22):10456–10461. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf801957h
Bruno JG, Carrillo MP, Phillips T, Edge A (2011) Discrimination of recombinant from natural human growth hormone using DNA aptamers. J Biomol Tech 22(1):27–36
Kalra P, Dhiman A, Cho WC, Bruno JG, Sharma TK (2018) Simple methods and rational design for enhancing aptamer sensitivity and specificity. Front Mol Biosci 5:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00041
Bruno JG, Kiel JL (2002) Use of magnetic beads in selection and detection of biotoxin aptamers by electrochemiluminescence and enzymatic methods. Biotechniques 32(1):178–183. https://doi.org/10.2144/02321dd04
Bruno JG, Phillips T, Montez T (2015) Preliminary development of DNA aptamers to inhibit phospholipase A2 activity of bee and cobra venoms. J Bionanosci 9(4):270–275. https://doi.org/10.1166/jbns.2015.1301
Bruno JG, Richarte AM, Carrillo MP, Edge A (2012) An aptamer beacon responsive to botulinum toxins. Biosens Bioelectron 31(1):240–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2011.10.024
Zhao L, Huang Y, Dong Y, Han X, Wang S, Liang X (2018) Aptamers and aptasensors for highly specific recognition and sensitive detection of marine biotoxins: recent advances and perspectives. Toxins 10(11):E427. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110427
Bruno JG, Phillips T, Carrillo MP, Crowell R (2009) Plastic-adherent DNA aptamer-magnetic bead and quantum dot sandwich assay for Campylobacter detection. J Fluoresc 19(3):427–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-008-0429-8
Bruno JG, Sivils JC (2017) Further characterization and independent validation of a DNA aptamer-quantum dot-based magnetic sandwich assay for Campylobacter. Folia Microbiol 62(6):485–490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-017-0520-0
Bruno JG (2017) Long shelf life of a lyophilized DNA aptamer beacon assay. J Fluoresc 27(2):439–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-016-2014-x
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kaur, H., Chaterjee, B., Bruno, J.G., Sharma, T.K. (2019). Defining Target Product Profiles (TPPs) for Aptamer-Based Diagnostics. In: Urmann, K., Walter, JG. (eds) Aptamers in Biotechnology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 174. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2019_104
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2019_104
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-54060-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-54061-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)