Summary
Selenium is an essential trace element shown to prevent cancer in animals. In humans, selenium status has been shown to be inversely associated with cancer risk, and clinical studies have indicated a potential cancer prevention benefit from supplementing diets with low levels of selenium as well. It is likely that many of the benefits of selenium are associated with consequential effects on the levels or activity of selenium-containing proteins, or selenoproteins, which contain selenium as the amino acid selenocysteine. Twenty five selenoproteins are encoded by the human genome. Genetic variations among these genes may be associated with cancer risk, as has been indicated for the anti-oxidant selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1). Genetic variation among selenoprotein genes also has facilitated the recognition of allelic loss during cancer development, where losing one of two gene copies presumably reduces the ultimate levels of the corresponding protein and the loss of a protective function. Genetic variations among other selenoprotein genes have been documented, but the biological consequences, if any, have yet to be defined.
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Diamond, A.M., Brown, R.L. (2006). Genetic variation among selenoprotein genes and cancer. In: Hatfield, D.L., Berry, M.J., Gladyshev, V.N. (eds) Selenium. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33827-6_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33827-6_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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