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Steroid 11β-Hydroxylase Isozymes (CYP11B1 and CYP11B2)

  • Chapter
Cytochrome P450

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 105))

Abstract

Cortisol is synthesized from cholesterol in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex under the control of corticotropin (ACTH) (reviewed in New et al. 1989). Synthesis of Cortisol requires five enzymatic steps (Fig. 1): cleavage of the cholesterol side-chain to yield pregnenolone, 3β-dehydrogenation to progesterone, and successive hydroxylations at the 17α, 21 and 11β positions which are mediated by three distinct cytochrome P450 enzymes. A 17-deoxy pathway is also active in the zona fasciculata, in which 17α-hydroxylation does not occur, and the final product is normally corticosterone.

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Authors
  1. P. C. White
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  2. K. M. Curnow
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  3. L. Pascoe
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, MC 1505, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, 06030, Farmington, CT, USA

    John B. Schenkman Ph.D.

  2. Institut für Toxikologie, Gesellschaft für Strahlen- und Umweltforschung mbH, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, W-8042, Neuherberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany

    Helmut Greim M.D.

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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White, P.C., Curnow, K.M., Pascoe, L. (1993). Steroid 11β-Hydroxylase Isozymes (CYP11B1 and CYP11B2). In: Schenkman, J.B., Greim, H. (eds) Cytochrome P450. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 105. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77763-9_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77763-9_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-77765-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77763-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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