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Metallomics Applied to the Study of Neurodegenerative and Mental Diseases

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Metallomics

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 1055))

Abstract

Biochemical imbalances, provoked by aging or a secondary illness, might directly affect the brain, causing severe problems, such as loss of memory or alteration of behavior patterns. Brain disorders are usually classified as injuries (such as stroke, hematomas, and concussions), tumors, and neurodegenerative (such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases) and mental (such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) diseases. As the pathophysiology of these illnesses is not completely established and multiple factors are involved, metallomics, a bioanalytical strategy that allows the detection of metal ions and metalloproteins in diverse biological matrices, is of extreme relevance in identifying which elements are affected by a disease and/or treatment. Thus, determining which element ions suffer disturbances in their homeostasis during the disease progress is relevant to understand the biochemical changes and propose new drug targets. In addition, it is well known that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of pathological neurodegenerative and mental diseases, which may be caused by metal ion dyshomeostasis, so it is also important to understand endogenous antioxidant metalloprotein and metalloenzyme mechanisms in this regard. In this context, recent applications of metallomics in the study of neurodegenerative and mental disorders are discussed in this chapter, as well as future trends in this research area.

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Abbreviations

6-OHDA:

6-hydroxydopamine

AAS:

Atomic absorption spectrometry

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Aβ:

β-amyloid

BD:

Bipolar disorder

CNS:

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

HD:

Huntington’s disease

ICP-MS:

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

LA-ICP-MS:

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

MPTP:

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

MT:

Metallothionein

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

WD:

Wilson’s disease

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Alessandra Sussulini

  2. Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization Group (GEPAM), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Alessandra Sussulini

  3. National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics – INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Alessandra Sussulini

  4. Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalho e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca (ENSP), FIOCRUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis

Authors
  1. Alessandra Sussulini
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  2. Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
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Correspondence to Alessandra Sussulini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Unicamp, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marco Aurélio Zezzi Arruda

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Sussulini, A., Hauser-Davis, R.A. (2018). Metallomics Applied to the Study of Neurodegenerative and Mental Diseases. In: Arruda, M. (eds) Metallomics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1055. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90143-5_2

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