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Pericytes in the Heart

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Pericyte Biology in Different Organs

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1122))

Abstract

Mural cells known as pericytes envelop the endothelial layer of microvessels throughout the body and have been described to have tissue-specific functions. Cardiac pericytes are abundantly found in the heart, but they are relatively understudied. Currently, their importance is emerging in cardiovascular homeostasis and dysfunction due to their pleiotropism. They are known to play key roles in vascular tone and vascular integrity as well as angiogenesis. However, their dysfunctional presence and/or absence is critical in the mechanisms that lead to cardiac pathologies such as myocardial infarction, fibrosis, and thrombosis. Moreover, they are targeted as a therapeutic potential due to their mesenchymal properties that could allow them to repair and regenerate a damaged heart. They are also sought after as a cell-based therapy based on their healing potential in preclinical studies of animal models of myocardial infarction. Therefore, recognizing the importance of cardiac pericytes and understanding their biology will lead to new therapeutic concepts.

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Abbreviations

3g5:

Ganglioside 3g5

αSMA:

Alpha-smooth muscle actin

Alk-p:

Alkaline phosphatase

Angpt-1:

Angiopoietin-1

Angpt-2:

Angiopoietin-2

BDNF:

Endothelial brain-derived neurotrophic factor

CNP:

C-type natriuretic peptide

cPC:

Cardiac pericyte

CTGF/CCN2:

Connective tissue growth factor

Cx43:

Connexin-43

CXCR3:

Chemokine receptor 3

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

Gli1:

Glioma-associated oncogene 1

HB-EGF:

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor

HGF:

Hepatocyte growth factor

LRP:

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6

MI:

Myocardial infarction

MMPs:

Matrix metalloproteinases

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NANOG:

Homeobox transcription factor Nanog

NG2:

Neural glial 2

OCT4:

Octamer-binding transcription factor 4

p75 NTR:

Neurotrophin receptor

PDGFbb:

Platelet-derived growth factor bb

PDGFRβ:

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta

pro-NGF:

Pro-nerve growth factor

RGS5:

Regulator of G protein signaling 5

S1P:

Sphingosine-1-phosphate

SIRT3:

Sirtuin 3

SorCS2:

Sortilin-related VPS10 domain-containing receptor 2

SOX2:

Sex-determining region box

SVPs:

Saphenous vein-derived pericyte progenitor cells

Tbx18:

T-box protein 18

TF:

Tissue factor

TGFβ:

Transforming growth factor beta

TrkB:

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B

VCAF:

Vascular calcification-associated factor

VEGF-A:

Vascular endothelial growth factor A

VEGFR2:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

vWF:

von Willebrand factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of CardioMetabolic Disorders, Amgen Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA

    Linda L. Lee & Vishnu Chintalgattu

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  1. Linda L. Lee
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  2. Vishnu Chintalgattu
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Correspondence to Vishnu Chintalgattu .

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  1. Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Alexander Birbrair

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Lee, L.L., Chintalgattu, V. (2019). Pericytes in the Heart. In: Birbrair, A. (eds) Pericyte Biology in Different Organs. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1122. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11093-2_11

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