Abstract
In many cases, a program of research originates through the influence of a few special people. For me, the special people who first inspired my interest in phonological awareness, reading, and spelling were Alvin and Isabelle Liberman. Alvin Liberman, who was my teacher when I was an undergraduate linguistics major at Yale University from 1972 to 1976, introduced me to this fascinating area of research. Under his direction, I carried out a study of syllable and phoneme awareness among schoolchildren in New Haven, Connecticut. This study touched on many of the issues that continue to interest me, including whether some linguistic units are more accessible than others and the nature of the relationship between phonological awareness and reading. When I entered graduate school in psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, I was fortunate to find an advisor—Jonathan Baron—who nurtured my interest in the psychology of reading and who helped me to expand my research skills. Without the influence of Alvin and Isabelle Liberman and Jonathan Baron, the program of research that I describe in this chapter would not have been possible.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ball, E.W., & Blachman, B.A. (1988). Phoneme segmentation training: Effect on reading readiness. Annals of Dyslexia, 38, 208–225.
Baron, J. (1977). Mechanisms for pronouncing printed words: Use and acquisition. In D. LaBerge & S.J. Samuels (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Perception and comprehension. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Baron, J., & Treiman, R. (1980). Use of orthography in reading and learning to read. In J.F. Kavanagh & R.L. Venezky (Eds.), Orthography, reading, and dyslexia. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.
Barton, D., Miller, R., & Macken, M.A. (1980). Do children treat clusters as one unit or two? Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 18, 93–137.
Bradley, L. ( 1987, December). Categorising sounds, early intervention and learning to read: A follow-up study. Paper presented at the meeting of the British Psychology Society, London.
Bradley, L., & Bryant, P.E. (1983). Categorising sounds and learning to read—A causal connection. Nature, 301, 419–421.
Bradley, L., & Bryant, P.E. (1983). Categorising sounds and learning to read—A causal connection. Nature, 301, 419–421.
Calfee, R.C., Lindamood, P., & Lindamood, C. (1973). Acoustic-phonetic skills and reading—Kindergarten through twelfth grade. Journal of Educational Psychology, 64, 293–298.
Coltheart, M. (1978). Lexical access in simple reading tasks. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Strategies of information processing (pp. 151–216 ). London: Academic Press.
Fox, B., & Routh, D.K. (1975). Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables, and phonemes: A developmental study. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 4, 331–342.
Fox, B., & Routh, D.K. (1975). Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables, and phonemes: A developmental study. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 4, 331–342.
Gibson, E.J. (1969). Principles of perceptual learning and development. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Goswami, U.C. (1986). Children’s use of analogy in learning to read: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 42, 73–83
Gough, P.B., & Hillinger, M.L. (1980). Learning to read: An unnatural act. Bulletin of the Orton Society, 30, 179–196.
Hardy, M., Stennett, R.G., & Smythe, P.C. (1973). Auditory segmentation and auditory blending in relation to beginning reading. The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 19, 144–158.
Helfgott, J. A. (1976). Phonemic segmentation and blending skills of kindergarten children: Implications for beginning reading acquisition. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 1, 157–169.
Jastak, J., Bijou, S.W., & Jastak, S.R. (1965). Wide Rang Achievement Test. Wilmington, DE: Guidance Associates.
Jastak, S., & Wilkinson, G. (1984) Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised. Wilmington, DE: Jastak Associates.
Kavanagh, J.F., & Mattingly, I.G. (1972). Language by ear and by eye. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kirtley, C., Bryant, P., MacLean, M., & Bradley, L. (1989). Rhyme, rime, and the onset of reading. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 48, 224–245.
Klatt, D.H. (1975). Voice onset time, frication, and aspiration in word-initial consonant clusters. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 18, 686–706.
Liberman, I.Y., Shankweiler, D., Fischer, F.W., & Carter, B. (1974). Explicit syllable and phoneme segmentation in the young child. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 18, 201–212.
Lundberg, I., Frost, J., & Petersen, O.-P. (1988). Effects of an extensive program for stimulating phonological awareness in preschool children. Reading Research Quarterly, 23, 263–284.
MacLean, M., Bryant, P., & Bradley, L. (1987). Rhymes, nursery rhymes, and reading in early childhood. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 33, 255–281.
Malécot, A. (1960). Vowel nasality as a distinctive feature in American English. Language, 36, 222–229.
Mann, V.A., Tobin, P., & Hilson, R. (1987). Measuring phonological awareness through the invented spellings of kindergarten children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 33, 354–391.
McCutcheon, B.A., & McDowell, E.E. (1969). Intralist similarity and acquisition and generalization of word recognition. The Reading Teacher, 23, 103–107, 115.
McNeil, J.D., & Coleman, J.C. (1967). Auditory discrimination training in the development of word analysis skills (Final Report, U.S. Office of Education Project No. 5 - 0503 ). Los Angeles: University of California.
Morais, J., Bertelson, P., Cary, L., & Alegria, J. (1986). Literacy training and speech segmentation. Cognition, 24, 45–64
Otto, W., & Pizillo, C. (1970-1971). Effect of intralist similarity on kindergarten pupils’ rate of word acquisition and transfer. Journal of Reading Behavior, 3, 14–19.
Patterson, K., & Coltheart, V. (1987). Phonological processes in reading: A tutorial review. In M. Coltheart (Ed.), Attention and performance XII: The psychology of reading. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Perin, D. (1983). Phonemic segmentation and spelling. British Journal of Psychology, 74, 129–144.
Read, C. (1975). Children’s categorization of speech sounds in English. NCTE Research Report No. 17. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
Read, C., Zhang, Y., Nie, H., & Ding, B. (1986). The ability to manipulate speech sounds depends on knowing alphabetic reading. Cognition, 24, 31–44.
Rohl, M., & Tunmer, W.E. (1988). Phonemic segmentation skill and spelling acquisition. Applied Psycholinguistics, 9, 335–350.
Rosner, J. (1971). Phonic analysis training and beginning reading skills. Pittsburgh, PA: Learning Research and Development Center.
Rosner, J. (1974). Auditory analysis training with prereaders. The Reading Teacher, 27, 379–384.
Rosner, J., & Simon, D. (1971). The auditory analysis test: An initial report. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 4, 384–392.
Rozin, P., & Gleitman, L.R. (1977). The structure and acquisition of reading II: The reading process and the acquisition of the alphabetic principle. In A.S. Re- ber & D.L. Scarborough (Eds.), Toward a psychology of reading: The Proceedings of the CUNY conferences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Samuels, S.J., & Jeffrey, W.E. (1966). Discriminability of words and letter cues used in learning to read. Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 337–340.
Santa, C.M. (1976-1977). Spelling patterns and the development of flexible word recognition strategies. Reading Research Quarterly, 12, 125–144.
Shepp, B.E., & Swartz, K. (1976). Selective attention and the processing of integral and nonintegral dimensions: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 22, 73–85.
Singh, W., & Woods, D.R. (1971). Perceptual structure of 12 American English vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49, 1861–1866.
Singh, W., Woods, D.R., & Becker, G.M. (1972). Perceptual structure of 22 prevocalic English consonants. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 52, 1698–1713.
Smith, L.B., & Kemler, D.G. (1977). Developmental trends in free classification: Evidence for a new conceptualization of perceptual development. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 24, 279–298.
Tornéus, M. (1984). Phonological awareness and reading: A chicken-and-egg problem? Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 1346–1358.
Treiman, R. (1984a). Individual differences among children in spelling and reading styles. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 37, 463–477.
Treiman, R. (1984b). On the status of final consonant clusters in English syllables. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23, 343–356.
Treiman, R. (1985a). Onsets and rimes as units of spoken syllables: Evidence from children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 39, 161–181.
Treiman, R. (1985b). Phonemic analysis, spelling, and reading. In T. Carr (Ed.), New directions for child development: The development of reading skills (Vol. 27, pp. 5–18 ). San Fancisco: Jossey-Bass.
Treiman, R. (1985c). Phonemic awareness and spelling: Children’s judgments do not always agree with adults’. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 59, 182–201.
Treiman, R. (1985d). Spelling of stop consonants after Is/ by children and adults. Applied Psycholinguistics, 6, 261–282.
Treiman, R. (1988). The internal structure of the syllable. In G. Carlson & M. Tanenhaus (Eds.), Linguistic structure in language processing. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
Treiman, R. (1988). The internal structure of the syllable. In G. Carlson & M. Tanenhaus (Eds.), Linguistic structure in language processing. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.
Treiman, R., & Baron, J. (1981). Segmental analysis ability: Development and relation to reading ability. In G.E. MacKinnon & T.G. Waller (Eds.), Reading research: Advances in theory and practice (Vol. 3 ). New York: Academic Press.
Treiman, R., & Baron, J. (1983). Phonemic-analysis training helps children benefit from spelling-sound rules. Memory and Cognition, 77, 382–389.
Treiman, R., & Breaux, A.M. (1982). Common phoneme and overall similarity relations among spoken syllables: Their use by children and adults. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 77, 569–598.
Treiman, R., & Chafetz, J. (1987). Are there onset- and rime-like units in written words? In M. Coltheart (Ed.), Attention and Performance XII: The psychology of reading (pp. 281–298 ). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Treiman, R., & Zukowski, A. (1988). Units in reading and spelling. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 466–477.
Treiman, R., & Zukowski, A. (1988). Units in reading and spelling. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 466–477.
Treiman, R., Goswami, U., & Bruck, M. ( 1990, April). Phonological and orthographic units in the pronunciation of nonwords. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Education Research Association, Boston, MA.
Vurpillot, E. (1976). The visual world of the child. New York: International Universities Press.
Ward, T.B. (1980). Separable and integral responding by children and adults to the dimensions of length and density. Child Development, 57, 676–684.
Williams, J.P. (1980). Teaching decoding with an emphasis on phoneme analysis and phoneme blending. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 1–15.
Yopp, H.K. (1988). The validity and reliability of phonemic awareness tests. Reading Research Quarterly, 25, 159–177.
Zukowski, A., & Treiman, R. ( 1989, April). What happened to the n of went? Children’s consonant omissions in spellings of final consonant clusters. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Kansas City.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Treiman, R. (1991). Phonological Awareness and Its Roles in Learning to Read and Spell. In: Sawyer, D.J., Fox, B.J. (eds) Phonological Awareness in Reading. Springer Series in Language and Communication, vol 28. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3010-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3010-6_6
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7758-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3010-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive