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Evaluation of a biodegradable graft substitute in rabbit bone defect model

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Indian Journal of Orthopaedics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate a new biodegradable copolymer calcium sulfate/poly amino acid (CS/PAA) as a graft substitute for the repair of the surgically created cancellous bone defects in rabbits and its biological properties in vivo.

Materials and Methods: Cancellous bone defects were created by drilling holes in the unilateral lateral aspect of the femoral condyle of New Zealand white rabbits. Three groups were assigned: Group A rabbits were grafted with 80% CS/PAA and group B rabbits were grafted with 95% CS/PAA as two treatment groups; group C was sham-operation control group. To study the osteogenic capability in vivo, specimens were harvested at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after implantation and were evaluated by gross assessment, X-ray, histological examination, and histomorphometry. In order to identify the molecular mechanism of bone defect repair, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected using Western blot at 4 weeks.

Results: Group A and group B showed more vigorous and rapid repair leading to regeneration of cancellous bone than sham-operation control group on gross observation, radiology, and histomorphometry. There was no significant difference between groups A and B. Morphological observation and histological examination showed that the copolymers degraded in sync with the new bone formation process. The expression of BMP-2 and VEGF in implantation groups was higher than that in control group by western blot.

Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that the novel biodegradable copolymers can repair large areas of cancellous bone defects. With its controllable degradation rate, it suggests that CS/PAA may be a series of useful therapeutic substitute for bone defects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxuexiang Street, Chengdu, 610 041, China

    XiaoBo Yang, Yong Li, Qiang Huang, Jing Yang, Bing Shen &  FuXing Pei (Director)

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  1. XiaoBo Yang
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  2. Yong Li
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  3. Qiang Huang
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  4. Jing Yang
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  6. FuXing Pei
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Correspondence to FuXing Pei.

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Yang, X., Li, Y., Huang, Q. et al. Evaluation of a biodegradable graft substitute in rabbit bone defect model. IJOO 46, 266–273 (2012). https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5413.96371

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