Abstract
Many years experience of the operation of high stress (>72% specified minimum yield strength, SMYS) gas pipelines and statistical analysis results of pipeline incidents showed that the operating pipelines at stress levels over 72% SMYS have not presented problems in USA and Canada, and design factor does not control incidents or the safety of pipelines. Enhancing pipeline safety management level is most important for decreasing incident rate. The application history of higher design factors in the U.S and Canada was reviewed. And the effect of higher factors to the critical flaw size, puncture resistance, change of reliability with time, risk level and the arrest toughness requirements of pipeline were analyzed here. The comparison of pipeline failure rates and risk levels between two design factors (0.72 and 0.8) has shown that a change in design factor from 0.72 to 0.8 would bring little effect on failure rates and risk levels. On the basis of the analysis result, the application feasibility of design factor of 0.8 in China was discussed and the related suggestions were proposed. When an operator wishes to apply design factor 0.8 to gas pipeline, the following process is recommended: stress level of line pipe hydro test should be up to 100% SMYS, reliability and risk assessment at the design feasibility or conceptual stage should be conducted, Charpy impact energy should meet the need of pipeline crack arrest; and establish and execute risk based integrity management plan. The technology of pipeline steel metallurgy, line pipe fabrication and pipeline construction, and line pipe quality control level in China achieved tremendous progresses, and line pipe product standards and property indexes have come up to international advanced level. Furthermore, pipeline safety management has improved greatly in China. Consequently, the research for the feasibility of application of design factor of 0.8 in China has fundamental basis.
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This project is supported by China National Petroleum Corporation Application Fundamental Research Foundation (Grant No. 07A40401)
ZHAO Xinwei, born in 1969, PhD, professorate senior engineer, the Chief Expert at Tubular Goods Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation and the vice director of Petroleum Tubular Engineering Key Laboratory, China National Petroleum Corporation. His research fields include the risk assessment and the integrity assessment of oil & gas pipeline.
ZHANG Guangli, born in 1980, engineer, his research field is the integrity assessment of oil & gas pipeline.
LUO Jinheng, born in 1972, PhD, senior engineer, director of Safety Assessment and Integrity Research Center of Tubular Goods Research Institute, China National Petroleum Corporation. His research field is the risk assessment and the integrity assessment of oil & gas pipeline.
ZHANG Hua, born in 1977, senior engineer, his research field is the risk assessment of oil & gas pipeline.
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Zhao, X., Zhang, G., Luo, J. et al. Impact of improving design factor over 0.72 on the safety and reliability of gas pipelines and feasibility justification. Chin. J. Mech. Eng. 25, 166–172 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3901/CJME.2012.01.166
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3901/CJME.2012.01.166