Abstract
Traditional microhardness measurement on the basis of the size of the impression is considered, as well as the method based on the depth of indenter introduction, with recording of the corresponding diagram (the kinetic-hardness method). The need for methods of hardness measurement at small and supersmall loads (submicrohardness and nanohardness) is established, and corresponding methods are discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
GOST (State Standard) 9450-76: Microhardness Measurement by Diamond-Tip Insertion, 1976; GOST (State Standard) 10717-75: Instruments for Microhardness Measurement, 1975.
Khrushchov, M.M. and Berkovich, E.S., Experience in Electron-Microscopic Measurement of Especially Small Impressions Obtained in Microhardness Tests, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Tekh. Nauk, 1950, no. 11, pp. 1645–1647.
Khrushchov, M.M. and Berkovich, E.S., Microhardness Tests in the Region of Impressions Whose Diagonal Measures Less Than One Micron, Mikrotverdnost: Tr. soveshchaniya po mikrotverdnosti (Microhardness: Conference Proceedings), Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, 1951, pp. 62–65.
Ulit, G.P. and Varchenya, S.A., Strength of Thread Crystals and Microhardness of LiF, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1968, vol. 178, no. 4, pp. 834–837; Izv. Akad. Nauk LatvSSR, 1966, no. 4.
Gane, B.N. and Cox, J.M., The Micro-Hardness of Metals at Very Low Loads, Phil. Mag., 1970, vol. 22, no. 179, pp. 881–891.
Bowden, F.P. and Tabor, D., The Friction and Lubrication of Solids, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964, part 11.
Kalei, G.N., Results of Impression-Depth Hardness Tests, Mashinovedenie, 1968, no. 3, pp. 105–107.
Khrushov, M.M., Alekhin, V.P., Skvortsov, V.N., and Ternovskii, A.P., Micromechanical Tests of Materials by Microindenter Insertion, Zavod. Lab., 1973, no. 10, pp. 1242–1244.
Skvortsov, V.N. and Matveevskii, R.M., Development of a Microhardness Test Method, Tren. Iznos, 1990, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1133–1137.
Bulychev, S.I. and Alekhin, V.P., Ispytanie materialov nepreryvnym vdavlivaniem indentora (Tests of Materials by Continuous Indenter Insertion), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1990.
Kolmakov, A.G., Terent’ev, V.F., and Bakirov, M.B., Metody izmereniya tverdnosti (Methods of Hardness Measurement), Moscow: Intermet Engineering, 2000.
Semenov, A.P., Measuring the Microhardness of Thin Coatings and Modified Layers by Indenter Insertion and Scratching, Tren. Iznos, 1994, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 770–777.
Kurner, K., Über das Haften von Niob, Titan und Zirkonium an Hartenprufdiamanten, Z. Metallk., 1962, vol. 52, no. 12, pp. 836–837.
Semenov, A.P., Pozdnyakov, V.V., Lapshina, V.A., and Ioffe, M.M., Adhesive Interaction of Diamond Samples with Metal, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1968, vol. 181, no. 5, pp. 1107–1110.
Berkovich, E.S., Microinterference Methods of Investigating the Shape of the Impressions, Trenie i iznos v mashinakh (Friction and Wear in Machines), Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, 1953, vol. 7, pp. 78–86.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.P. Semenov, 2008, published in Vestnik Mashinostroeniya, 2008, No. 12, pp. 26–30.
About this article
Cite this article
Semenov, A.P. Hardness measurement at small and ultrasmall loads. Russ. Engin. Res. 28, 1177–1182 (2008). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068798X0812006X
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068798X0812006X