Ion exchangers and carbon adsorbents from of shale phenols

Abstract

Ampholytes with a static exchange capacity of 3.5–6.6 mg-equiv/g for 0.1 N H₂SO₄ or 1.3–2.0 mg-equiv/g for 0.1 N NaOH were obtained from shale phenols (a mixture of alkylresorcinols) by polycondensation with polyethylenepolyamines and furfural. The interaction of shale phenols with hexamethylentetramine resulted in polycondensation products, which gave polyfunctional cation exchangers with a capacity of up to 7.5 mg-equiv/g upon a radiation exposure with acrylic acid. Carbon adsorbents based on the polycondensation products of shale phenols (ampholytes) prepared in an industrial process exhibited developed microporosity (V _mi = 0.28–0.30 cm³/cm³) and a considerable concentration of heteroatoms (to 16%). This made it possible to obtain adsorbents whose sorption capacity and selectivity in the extraction of gold from multicomponent solutions are twice as high, as compared with those of a KAD-iodine commercial sorbent.