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The role of probiotics and natural bioactive compounds in modulation of the common molecular pathways in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cancer

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  • Section Cellular and Molecular Biology
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Abstract

Atherosclerosis and cancer are ranked among the most serious health problems in human medicine. Various predictive and etiological factors, biomarkers and molecular pathways of disease development and progression common to atherosclerosis and cancer suggest that the two most common diseases in worldwide dimension are far more closely aligned than previously believed. It is hypothesized that atherosclerosis and cancer are variants of a similar disease process. Shared disease progression in atherosclerosis and cancer is the emergence of similar novel approaches to therapy. On previous knowledge, it may be hypothesized that not only common approaches to therapy but also preventive strategies could be efficacious in both diseases. The results of in vitro and in vivo animal experiments, clinical and epidemiological studies and also the results of our experiments using animal experimental models of atherosclerosis and carcinogenesis indicate that probiotics, prebiotics, plants and their extracts and poly-unsaturated fatty acids could be effectively used in prevention of both atherosclerosis and colorectal cancer and decrease the disease risk. Future research should answer the question whether probiotic microorganisms and natural bioactive substances could effectively influence the molecular mechanisms in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cancer.

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Abbreviations

AA:

arachidonic acid

ALA:

α-linolenic acid

CDK:

cyclin-dependent kinase

CDKI:

cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor

COX:

cyclooxygenase

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid

ECM:

extracellular matrix

EGFR:

epidermal growth factor receptor

ENG:

endoglin

eNOS:

endothelial NO synthase

EPA:

eicosapentaenoic acid

GPx:

glutathione peroxidase

GSH:

glutathione

HDL:

high-density lipoprotein

IL:

interleukin

ILGF:

insulin-like growth factor

LDL:

low-density lipoprotein

MAPK:

mitogen-activated protein kinase

MMP:

matrix metalloproteinase

NEC:

necrotizing enterocolitis

NF-κB:

nuclear factor kappa B

oxLDL:

oxidized low-density lipoprotein

PDGF:

platelet-derived growth factor

PG:

prostaglandin

PPAR:

peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor

PUFA:

poly-unsaturated fatty acid

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

TGF-β :

transforming growth factor-β

TIMPs:

tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases

TLR:

toll-like receptor

TNF-α :

tumor necrosis factor-α

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR:

vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

VLDL:

very low-density lipoprotein

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  1. Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, SK-04011, Košice, Slovakia

    Alojz Bomba, Andrea Brandeburová, Júlia Ričanyová, Ladislav Strojný, Anna Chmelárová, Viktória Szabadosová, Beáta Pramuková, Jana Žofčáková, Rastislav Salaj, Anna Supuková & Denisa Čokášová

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  1. Alojz Bomba
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  2. Andrea Brandeburová
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Correspondence to Alojz Bomba.

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Bomba, A., Brandeburová, A., Ričanyová, J. et al. The role of probiotics and natural bioactive compounds in modulation of the common molecular pathways in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cancer. Biologia 67, 1–13 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-011-0155-6

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