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Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus

  • Research Article
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Central European Journal of Biology

Abstract

In vitro cultures of Leucojum aestivum are considered as an alternative for the production of galanthamine, which is used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We studied the effects of auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram), 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) at concentrations of 25 and 50 µM on the induction of embryogenic callus and its capacity to induce somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation. The embryogenic response of the explants was from 30% for 25 µM of dicamba to 100% for picloram (for both 25 and 50 µM). 2,4-D (50 µM) stimulated greater callus proliferation and somatic embryo induction as compared to the other auxins. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) stimulated somatic embryo maturation. Callus grown on media containing 50 µM of auxins produced fewer phenolic compounds as compared with callus grown on media containing 25 µM of auxins. GC-MS analyses showed seven alkaloids in the in vivo bulbs and two to four in callus culture. Galanthamine was detected in callus cultivated with 2,4-D (25, 50 µM), picloram (25 µM), and dicamba (50 µM). Other alkaloids, trisphaeridine, tazettine, and 11-hydroxyvittatine were accumulated only in callus growing on medium with picloram (50 µM).

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Abbreviations

ABA:

abscisic acid

BA:

benzyladenine

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

FW:

fresh weight

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

naphthalene acetic acid

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

SEM:

scanning electron microscopy

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Agricultural University, 31-140, Krakow, Poland

    Agata Ptak & Tomasz Wójtowicz

  2. Groupe SUCRES, UMR 7565 CNRS, Université de Lorraine, BP 239, 54506, Nancy-Vandoeuvre, France

    Anna El Tahchy & Dominique Laurain-Mattar

  3. The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239, Krakow, Poland

    Edyta Skrzypek

Authors
  1. Agata Ptak
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  2. Anna El Tahchy
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  3. Edyta Skrzypek
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  4. Tomasz Wójtowicz
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  5. Dominique Laurain-Mattar
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Correspondence to Agata Ptak.

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Ptak, A., El Tahchy, A., Skrzypek, E. et al. Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus. cent.eur.j.biol. 8, 591–599 (2013). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0160-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0160-y

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