Skip to main content
Log in

The European Standard Series and its additions: are they of any use in 2013?

  • Review
  • Published:
European Journal of Dermatology

Abstract

This study has two purposes: — to know whether the European standard series is still the key reference when it comes to contact dermatitis, i.e., are its components still the most frequently involved allergens in contact dermatitis nowadays? — to assess the results of the European standard series among French and Belgian dermatologists/allergists as, so far, most of them have failed to provide statistical data within the European community of allergists/dermatologists. 18 participants from 2 dermatology and allergy centres in Belgium and 11 centres in France collected their results from 3,073 patients tested in 2011. They assessed the relevance of some tests as well as that of the standard series and additional series to establish an etiological diagnosis of contact dermatitis. These results, together with the history of the European standard series, have shownthat some allergens are obsolete and that others should be included in a new standard series for which we are making a few suggestions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lachapelle JM. The standard series of patch tests. In: Patch testing and prick testing, 2nd Ed, 1 Vo.l Springer Berlin 2009, pp 71–82.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Cheng LS, Alikhan A, Maibach HI. Compilation of international standards for patch testing methodology and allergens. Dermatitis 2009; 20: 257–260.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Raison-Peyron N. Méthodologie des patch tests: supports et allergènes. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2009; 136: 585–591.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Dooms Goossens A. Evaluation critique du test épicutané. In: Progrès en Dermato-Allergologie tome II. Médiscript Ed. Viternes 1996: 103–107.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wahlberg JE. Patch-testing. In Contact Dermatitis [textbook of], Rycroft R J G, Menné T, Frosch P J, Benezra C Eds, Berlin 1991, Springer Verlag, 239–268.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ada S, Seckin D. Patch testing in allergic contact dermatitis: is it useful to perform the cosmetic series in addition to the European standard series? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24: 1192–1196.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Akasya-Hillenbrand E, Ozkaya-Bayazit E. Patch test results in 542 patients with suspected contact dermatitis in Turkey. Contact Dermatitis 2002; 46: 17–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Isaksson M, Brandao FM, Bruze M, Goossens A. Recommendation to include budesonide and tixocortol pivalate in the European standard series. Contact Dermatitis 2000; 43: 41–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bruze M, Goossens A. Gruvberger B; ESCD; EECDRG. Recommendation to include methyldibromo glutaronitrile in the European standard patch test series. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 52: 24–28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Frosch PJ, Rastogi SC, Pirker C, et al. Patch testing with a new fragrance mix — reactivity to the individual constituents and chemical detection in relevant cosmetic products. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 52: 216–225.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bruze M, Andersen KE. Goossens A; ESCD; EECDRG. Recommendation to include fragrance mix 2 and hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (Lyral) in the European baseline patch test series. Contact Dermatitis 2008; 58: 129–133.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Frosch PJ, Johansen JD, Menné T, et al. Lyral is an important sensitizer in patients sensitive to fragrances. Br J Dermatol 1999; 141: 1076–1083.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Giordano-Labadie F. Listes d’éviction. Ann Derrm Venereol 2009; 136: 656–658.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lachapelle JM, Ale SI, Freeman S, et al. Proposal for a revised international standard series of patch tests. Contact Dermatitis 1997; 36: 121.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Cleenewerck M-B. Patch-testing methods: Méthodologie des patch-tests: Batteries dites spécialisées, additionnelles. Ann Derm Venereol 2009; 136: 593–595.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Castelain M. Effets secondaires, complications et contreindications des patch-tests. Ann Derm Venereol 2009; 136: 645–649.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Vigan M, Adessi B, Arnoult E, et al. Tests épicutanés chez l’enfant: élaboration d’une batterie standard adaptée. Ann Derm Venereol 2000; 127(suppl. 4): 116–117.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Vigan M. Particularités des tests épicutanés chez l’enfant. Ann Derm Venereol 2009; 136: 617–620.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. De Waard-van der Spek FB, Oranje AP. Patch tests in children with suspected allergic contact dermatitis: a prospective study and review of the literature. Dermatology 2009; 218: 119–125.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. The European Surveillance System of Contact Allergies [ESSCA]: results of patch testing the standard series, 2004. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:174–181.

  21. Machovcova A, Dastychova E, Kostalova D, et al. Common contact sensitizers in the Czech Republic. Patch test results in 12,058 patients with suspected contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 53: 162–166.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Uter W, Rämsch C, Aberer W, et al. The European baseline series in 10 European Countries, 2005/2006-results of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies [ESSCA]. Contact Dermatitis 2009; 61: 31–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Uter W, Hegewald J, Aberer W, et al. The European standard series in 9 European countries, 2002/2003 — first results of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 53: 136–145.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Fairhurst DA, Shah M. Comparison of patch test results among white Europeans and patients from the Indian subcontinent living within the same community. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22: 1227–1231.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. El-Rab MO, al-Sheikh OA. Is the European standard series suitable for patch testing in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia? Contact Dermatitis 1995; 33: 310–314.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Greig JE, Carson CF, Stuckey MS, et al. Prevalence of delayed hypersensitivity to the European standard series in a self-selected population. Australas J Dermatol 2000; 41: 86–89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Sharma VK, Chakrabarti A. Common contact sensitizers in Chandigarh, India. A study of 200 patients with the European standard series. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 38: 127–131.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Lam WS, Chan LY, Ho SC, et al. A retrospective study of 2585 patients patch tested with the European standard series in Hong Kong (1995-99). Int J Dermatol 2008; 47: 128–133.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Akyol A, Boyvat A, Peksari Y, et al. Contact sensitivity to standard series allergens in 1038 patients with contact dermatitis in Turkey. Contact Dermatitis 2005; 52: 333–337.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lazarov A. European Standard Series patch test results from a contact dermatitis clinic in Israel during the 7-year period from 1998 to 2004. Contact Dermatitis 2006; 55: 73–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Li LF, Guo J, Wang J. Environmental contact factors in eczema and the results of patch testing Chinese patients with a modified European standard series of allergens. Contact Dermatitis 2004; 51: 22–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Landeck L, Schalock PC, Baden LA, et al. Patch-testing with the standard series at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 1998 to 2006. Dermatitis 2009; 20: 89–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michel Castelain.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Castelain, M., Assier, H., Baeck, M. et al. The European Standard Series and its additions: are they of any use in 2013?. Eur J Dermatol 24, 15–22 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2013.2258

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2013.2258

Key words

Navigation