Skip to main content

The German Baseline Series: Evolution and History of a National BLS

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Contact Dermatitis
  • 17 Accesses

Abstract

The German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) has been developing recommendations since its foundation for patch testing with the Baseline Series and with supplementary special test series. The current test series are published on the website of the DKG (https://dkg.ivdk.org/testreihen.html). Since 1989 until December 2019, 26 updates and revisions of the German Baseline Series based on changing evidence were discussed and approved by the DKG including 51 haptens or mixes in 56 concentrations. The DKG recommends to apply this Baseline Series to all patients presenting for work-up of suspected contact sensitization.

Novel scientific evidence on the increase or decrease of sensitizations against certain contact allergens, on changes of the general or specific allergen exposure, and on appropriate test concentrations and vehicles trigger considerations for revision of this national Baseline Series. Furthermore, availability of licensed patch test allergens may influence the constitution of test preparations and their concentrations in DKG test series. Historic and recent revisions of the German Baseline series, supplementary special series, and work-related test recommendation thereof as well as differences with regard to the European Baseline series are presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bloch B (1911) Experimentelle Studien über das Wesen der Jodoformidiosynkrasie. Exp Pathol Ther 9:509–538

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Mahler V, Geier J, Schnuch A (2014) Current trends in patch testing – new data from the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) and the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 12:583–592

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Mahler V (2014) [The German Contact Allergy Group in the German Society of Dermatology]. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 12(Suppl 4):49–51

    Google Scholar 

  4. Frosch PJ namens der Deutschen Kontaktallergiegruppe (1990). Aktuelle Kontaktallergene. Hautarzt Suppl. X:129–133

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mahler V, Nast A, Bauer A, Becker D, Brasch J, Breuer K et al (2019) S3 guidelines: Epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs – short version, Part 1. J Dtsch Dermatol 17:1076–1093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bruze M, Condé-Salazar L, Goossens A, Kanerva L, White IR (1999) Thoughts on sensitizers in a standard patch test series. The European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 41:241–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Geier J, Mahler V (2016) Aktuelles zu den Epikutantestreihen der Deutschen Kontaktallergie-Gruppe. Dermatologie Beruf Umwelt 64:70–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Geier J, Lessmann H, Mahler V (2017) Aktuelles zu den Epikutantestreihen der Deutschen Kontaktallergie-Gruppe – Update Juli 2017. Dermatologie Beruf Umwelt 65:73–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Geier J, Schnuch A, Brans R, Mahler V (2018) Aktuelles zu den Epikutantestreihen der Deutschen Kontaktallergie-Gruppe – Update Januar 2018. Dermatologie Beruf Umwelt 66:26–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Schnuch A, Geier J, Lessmann H, Arnold R, Uter W (2012) Surveillance of contact allergies: methods and results of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). Allergy 67:847–857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Uter W, Gefeller O, Mahler V, Geier J (2020) Trends and current spectrum of contact allergy in Central Europe: results of the information network of departments of dermatology (IVDK), 2007–2018. Br J Dermatol 27. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18946

  12. Aberer W, Komericki P, Uter W, Hausen BM, Lessmann H, Kränke B et al (2003) Epidemiologische Überwachung von Kontaktallergenen. Der “Monitorblock” des IVDK. Hautarzt 54:741–749

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Schnuch A, Schubert S, Geier J, IVDK (2019) Clinicians vs. epidemiologists: patch testing with methyldibromo glutaronitrile as a controversial issue. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 33:e242–e244

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Geier J, Mahler V (2019) Das kleine 1 × 1 der Kontaktallergene. Teil 18: Konservierungsmittel. Allergo J 28:18–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Geier J, Schnuch A, Lessmann H, Uter W (2015) Reactivity to sorbitan sesquioleate affects reactivity to fragrance mix I. Contact Dermatitis 73:296–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. de Groot A, Gilissen L, Geier J, Orton D, Goossens A (2019) Adding sorbitan sesquioleate to the European baseline series: necessary, reasonable, or unavoidable? Contact Dermatitis 81:221–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Heetfeld AB, Schill T, Schröder SS, Forkel S, Mahler V, Pfützner W et al. (2019) Challenging a paradigm: skin sensitivity to sodium lauryl sulfate is independent of atopic diathesis. Br J Dermatol (Epub ahead of print)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Mahler V, Nast A, Bauer A, Becker D, Brasch J, Breuer K et al (2019) S3 guidelines: epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs – short version, Part 2. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 17:1187–1207

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Becker D, Mahler V, Szliska C, Löffler H, Brasch J, Hillen U et al (2005) The concentration of para-phenylenediamine (PPD) for routine patch testing in a standard series needs to be redefined. Contact Dermatitis 53:186–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hillen U, Jappe U, Frosch PJ, Becker D, Brasch J, Lilie M et al (2006) Late reactions to the patch-test preparations para-phenylenediamine and epoxy resin: a prospective multicentre investigation of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Br J Dermatol 154:665–670

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hillen U, Dickel H, Löffler H, Pfützner W, Mahler V, Becker D et al (2011) Late reactions to patch test preparations with reduced concentrations of p-phenylenediamine: a multicentre investigation of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis 64:196–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Geier J, Ballmer-Weber BK, Dickel H, Frosch PJ, Bircher A, Weisshaar E et al (2013) Monitoring contact sensitization to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) by patch testing with PPD 0.3% in petrolatum. Contact Dermatitis 69:26–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Menezes de Pádua CA, Schnuch A, Lessmann H, Geier J, Pfahlberg A, Uter W (2005) Contact allergy to neomycin sulfate: results of a multifactorial analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 14:725–733

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Bauer A, Geier J, Schreiber S, Schubert S, IVDK (2019) Contact sensitization to plants of the Compositae family: data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) from 2007 to 2016. Contact Dermatitis 80:222–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Geier J, Lessmann H, Becker D, Dickel H, John SM, Mahler V et al (2008) Formaldehydabspalter. Dermatologie Beruf Umwelt 56:34–36

    Google Scholar 

  26. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products. Off J Eur Union L342:59–209

    Google Scholar 

  27. Geier J, Uter W, Schnuch A, Brasch J, Gefeller O (2006) Both mercaptobenzothiazole and mercapto mix should be part of the standard series. Contact Dermatitis 55:314–316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mahler V, Dickel H (2019) [Most important contact allergens in hand eczema]. Hautarzt 70:778–789

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mahler V, Dickel H, Diepgen TL, Hillen U, Geier J, Kaufmann R et al (2017) Statement of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) and the German Dermatological Society (DDG) on liability issues associated with patch testing using a patient’s own materials. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 15:202–204

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Mahler .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

1 Electronic Supplementary Material

Table 1

Evolution of the German DKG Baseline Series (1989–2020): composition, concentrations, and vehicles of patch test substances contained in the German Standard Series regularly revised and updated by the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG). Abbreviations: pet. petrolatum, Aqu aqua, HICC hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (DOCX 70 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Mahler, V., Becker, D. (2020). The German Baseline Series: Evolution and History of a National BLS. In: Johansen, J.D., Mahler, V., Lepoittevin, JP., Frosch, P.J. (eds) Contact Dermatitis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_65-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_65-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72451-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72451-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics