Abstract
Camellia oil has become an important plant oil in China in recent years, but its effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have not been documented. In this study, the effects of camellia oil, soybean oil, and olive oil on NAFLD were evaluated by analyzing the fatty acid profiles of the plant oils, the serum lipids and lipoproteins of rats fed different oils, and by cytological and ultrastructural observation of the rats’ hepatocytes. Analysis of fatty acid profiles showed that the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) n-6/n-3 ratio was 33.33 in camellia oil, 12.50 in olive oil, and 7.69 in soybean oil. Analyses of serum lipids and lipoproteins of rats showed that the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a camellia oil-fed group (COFG) were lower than those in an olive oil-fed group (OOFG) and higher than those in a soybean oil-fed group (SOFG). However, only the difference in total cholesterol between the COFG and SOFG was statistically significant. Cytological observation showed that the degree of lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in the hepatocytes in the COFG was lower than that in the OOFG, but higher than that in the SOFG. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that the size and number of the LDs in the hepatocytes of rats fed each of the three types of oil were related to the degree of damage to organelles, including the positions of nuclei and the integrity of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The results revealed that the effect of camellia oil on NAFLD in rats was greater than that of soybean oil, but less than that of olive oil. Although the overall trend was that among the three oil diets, those with a lower n-6/n-3 ratio were associated with a lower risk of NAFLD, and the effect of camellia oil on NAFLD was not entirely related to the n-6/n-3 ratio and may have involved other factors. This provides new insights into the effect of oil diets on NAFLD.
摘 要
目 的
评价山茶油、 大豆油和橄榄油对非酒精性脂肪性肝 (NAFLD) 病的影响.
创新点
通过不同食用油的脂肪酸成分及对大鼠血糖、 血脂、 肝脏组织细胞特性和超微结构影响的比较分析, 揭示了山茶油对 NAFLD 的影响与 n-6/n-3 比率不完全相关, 可能还涉及其它因子.
方 法
分析了山茶油、 大豆油和橄榄油的脂肪酸成分; 测定和分析了三种油对大鼠的体重、 肝脏系数、 血脂的影响; 采用细胞学和透射电镜技术对大鼠肝进行细胞学和亚细胞结构的观察.
结 论
山茶油、 橄榄油和大豆油的多不饱和脂肪酸 n-6/n-3 比率分别为 7.69%、12.50%和 33.33%, 但三种油对大鼠血糖、 血脂、 NAFLD 肝细胞特性和亚细胞结构的影响结果比较表明, 山茶油对诱导大鼠 NAFLD 的风险性高于大豆油, 但低于橄榄油. 这为油脂饮食对 NAFLD 的影响提供了新的见解.
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Acknowledgments
We express our deepest thanks to all study participants. We are grateful to Prof. Jing-ze ZHANG (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China) for his helping and revising the manuscript. We would also like to thank the Bio-ultrastructure Analysis Lab of the Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China for its support.
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Chun-xue LI performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. Li-rong SHEN supervised the project and revised the manuscript. Both authors have read and approved the final manuscript and, therefore, have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
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Chun-xue LI and Li-rong SHEN declare that they have no conflict of interest.
All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed. The experimental scheme was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Laboratory Animal Research Center (Ethics No. 10849).
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Project supported by the Science and Technology Projects of Zhejiang Province (No. 2017C2003), China
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Li, Cx., Shen, Lr. New observations on the effect of camellia oil on fatty liver disease in rats. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 21, 657–667 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000101
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000101