Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently the most malignant subtype of breast cancer without effective targeted therapies, which makes its pathogenesis an important target for research. A growing number of studies have shown that non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), plays a significant role in tumorigenesis. This review summarizes the roles of miRNA and lncRNA in the progression, diagnosis, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy of TNBC. Aberrantly expressed miRNA and lncRNA are listed according to their roles. Further, it describes the multiple mechanisms that lncRNA shows for regulating gene expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and more importantly, describes lncRNA-regulated TNBC progression through complete combining with miRNA at the post-transcriptional level. Focusing on miRNA and lncRNA associated with TNBC can provide new insights for early diagnosis and treatment—they can be targeted in the future as a novel anticancer target of TNBC.
概要
三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 作为乳腺癌中最恶性的亚型, 具有异质性高, 增殖能力高, 转移性强等特点, 且缺乏有效的靶向治疗, 因而其发病机制 成为研究的重点. 越来越 的研究表明, 小 RNA(miRNA) 和长链非编码 RNA(lncRNA) 在内的非编码 RNA 在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着重要的作用. 本文总结归纳了近些年来与 TNBC 相关的 miRNA 和 lncRNA, 介绍了 lncRNA 调节基因表达的多种机制, 概述了 miRNA 和 lncRNA 在 TNBC 进展, 诊断以及新辅助化疗中的作用. 本文探索 miRNA 和 lncRNA 与 TNBC 的关系, 旨在为癌症的早期诊断和治疗提供新思路, 使其成为治疗癌症的新靶点.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams BD, Wali VB, Cheng CJ, et al., 2016. miR-34a silences c-SRC to attenuate tumor growth in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res, 76(4):927–939. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2321
Amorim M, Salta S, Henrique R, et al., 2016. Decoding the usefulness of non-coding RNAs as breast cancer markers. J Transl Med, 14:265. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-016-1025-3
Anfossi S, Fu X, Nagvekar R, et al., 2018. MicroRNAs, regulatory messengers inside and outside cancer cells. In: Mettinger KL, Rameshwar P, Kumar V (Eds.), Exosomes, Stem Cells and MicroRNA. Springer, Cham, p.87–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74470-4_6
Atkinson SR, Marguerat S, Bähler J, 2012. Exploring long non-coding RNAs through sequencing. Semin Cell Dev Biol, 23(2):200–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.12.003
Bai XD, Han GH, Liu Y, et al., 2018. MiRNA-20a-5p promotes the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells through targeting RUNX3. Biomed Pharmacother, 103: 1482–1489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.165
Bayraktar R, Pichler M, Kanlikilicer P, et al., 2017. MicroRNA 603 acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis by targeting elongation factor 2 kinase. Oncotarget, 8(7):11641–11658. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.14264
Bhardwaj A, Singh H, Rajapakshe K, et al., 2017. Regulation of miRNA-29c and its downstream pathways in preneoplastic progression of triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 8(12):19645–19660. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.14902
Biswas T, Efird JT, Prasad S, et al., 2017. The survival benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and PCR among patients with advanced stage triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 8(68):112712–112719. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.22521
Boon RA, Jaé N, Holdt L, et al., 2016. Long noncoding RNAs: from clinical genetics to therapeutic targets? J Am Coll Cardiol, 67(10):1214–1226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.051
Browne G, Dragon JA, Hong DL, et al., 2016. MicroRNA-378-mediated suppression of Runx1 alleviates the aggressive phenotype of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol, 37(7):8825–8839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-4710-6
Catalanotto C, Cogoni C, Zardo G, 2016. MicroRNA in control of gene expression: an overview of nuclear functions. Int J Mol Sci, 17(10):1712. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17101712
Chadwick BP, Scott KC, 2013. Molecular versatility: the many faces and functions of noncoding RNA. Chromosome Res, 21(6–7):555–559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-013-9397-1
Chen H, Pan H, Qian Y, et al., 2018. MiR-25-3p promotes the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer by targeting BTG2. Mol Cancer, 17:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-017-0754-0
Chen J, Wang BC, Tang JH, 2012. Clinical significance of microRNA-155 expression in human breast cancer. J Surg Oncol, 106(3):260–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.22153
Chen JW, Shin VY, Siu MT, et al., 2016. miR-199a-5p confers tumor-suppressive role in triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer, 16:887. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2916-7
Chen QN, Wei CC, Wang ZX, et al., 2017. Long non-coding RNAs in anti-cancer drug resistance. Oncotarget, 8(1):1925–1936. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12461
Chen XW, Zhao M, Huang J, et al., 2018. microRNA-130a suppresses breast cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting FOSL1 and upregulating ZO-1. J Cell Biochem, 119(6):4945–4956. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26739
Collignon J, Lousberg L, Schroeder H, et al., 2016. Triple-negative breast cancer: treatment challenges and solutions. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press), 8:93–107. https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S69488
Costa FF, 2005. Non-coding RNAs: new players in eukaryotic biology. Gene, 357(2):83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2005.06.019
De S, Das S, Mukherjee S, et al., 2017. Establishment of twist-1 and TGFBR2 as direct targets of microRNA-20a in mesenchymal to epithelial transition of breast cancer cell-line MDA-MB-231. Exp Cell Res, 361(1):85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.005
Delás MJ, Hannon GJ, 2017. lncRNAs in development and disease: from functions to mechanisms. Open Biol, 7(7):170121. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170121
Deng H, Zhang J, Shi JJ, et al., 2016. Role of long non-coding RNA in tumor drug resistance. Tumor Biol, 37(9):11623–11631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-016-5125-8
Eades G, Wolfson B, Zhang YS, et al., 2015. lincRNA-RoR and miR-145 regulate invasion in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting ARF6. Mol Cancer Res, 13(2):330–338. https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0251
Eades GL, Zhou Q, 2014. Abstract 1463: long non-coding RNA RoR and microRNA-145 regulate tumor cell invasion in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting of ADP-ribosylation factor 6. Cancer Res, 74(S19):1463. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1463
Evans JR, Feng FY, Chinnaiyan AM, 2016. The bright side of dark matter: lncRNAs in cancer. J Clin Invest, 126(8):2775–2782. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI84421
Fang H, Xie JP, Zhang M, et al., 2017. miRNA-21 promotes proliferation and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells through targeting PTEN. Am J Transl Res, 9(3):953–961.
Ferlay J, Héry C, Autier P, et al., 2010. Global burden of breast cancer. In: Li C (Ed.), Breast Cancer Epidemiology. Springer, New York, p.1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0685-4_1
Fu PF, Zheng X, Fan X, et al., 2019. Role of cytoplasmic lncRNAs in regulating cancer signaling pathways. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol), 20(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800254
Gebert LFR, MacRae IJ, 2019. Regulation of microRNA function in animals. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 20(1):21–37. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-018-0045-7
Gilam A, Conde J, Weissglas-Volkov D, et al., 2016. Local microRNA delivery targets Palladin and prevents metastatic breast cancer. Nat Commun, 7:12868. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12868
Gu J, Wang YP, Wang XD, et al., 2018. Downregulation of lncRNA GAS5 confers tamoxifen resistance by activating miR-222 in breast cancer. Cancer Lett, 434:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.039
Gülben K, Berberoglu U, Kinaş V, et al., 2014. Breast cancer subtypes can be a predictor of pathologic complete response and survival in the neoadjuvant setting for T4 noninflammatory breast cancer. Acta Chir Belg, 114(3):153–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/00015458.2014.11681001
Gupta RA, Shah N, Wang KC, et al., 2010. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis. Nature, 464(7291):1071–1076. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08975
Han JG, Han BJ, Wu XY, et al., 2018. Knockdown of lncRNA H19 restores chemo-sensitivity in paclitaxel-resistant triple-negative breast cancer through triggering apoptosis and regulating Akt signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 359:55–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.018
Han JJ, Yu JJ, Dai YN, et al., 2018. Overexpression of miR-361-5p in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) inhibits migration and invasion by targeting RQCD1 and inhibiting the EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. Bosn J Basic Med Sci, 19(1):52–59. https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2018.3399
Harrow J, Frankish A, Gonzalez JM, et al., 2012. GENCODE: the reference human genome annotation for the encode project. Genome Res, 22(9):1760–1774. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.135350.111
Hata A, Kashima R, 2016. Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis machinery in cancer. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol, 51(3):121–134. https://doi.org/10.3109/10409238.2015.1117054
Hiatt RA, Brody JG, 2018. Environmental determinants of breast cancer. Annu Rev Public Health, 39:113–133. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-014101
Hong LQ, Pan F, Jiang HF, et al., 2016. MiR-125b inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition of triple-negative breast cancer by targeting MAP2K7. Onco Targets Ther, 9:2639–2648. https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S102713
Hu JH, Xu J, Wu YQ, et al., 2015. Identification of microRNA-93 as a functional dysregulated miRNA in triple-negative breast cancer. Tumour Biol, 36(1):251–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2611-8
Huang J, Zhou N, Watabe K, et al., 2014. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 promotes breast tumor growth by suppression of p27 (Kip1). Cell Death Dis, 5:e1008. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2013.541
Huarte M, 2015. The emerging role of lncRNAs in cancer. Nat Med, 21(11):1253–1261. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3981
Jia ZM, Liu Y, Gao Q, et al., 2016. miR-490-3p inhibits the growth and invasiveness in triple-negative breast cancer by repressing the expression of TNKS2. Gene, 593(1):41–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2016.08.014
Karagoz K, Sinha R, Arga KY, 2015. Triple negative breast cancer: a multi-omics network discovery strategy for candidate targets and driving pathways. OMICS, 19(2):115–130. https://doi.org/10.1089/omi.2014.0135
Khaled N, Bidet Y, 2019. New insights into the implication of epigenetic alterations in the EMT of triple negative breast cancer. Cancers (Basel), 11(4):559. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11040559
Kim SY, Kawaguchi T, Yan L, et al., 2017. Clinical relevance of microRNA expressions in breast cancer validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Ann Surg Oncol, 24(10):2943–2949. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-017-5984-2
Kolesnikov NN, Veryaskina YA, Titov SE, et al., 2019. Expression of microRNAs in molecular genetic breast cancer subtypes. Cancer Treat Res Commun, 20:100026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2016.08.006
Kunej T, Obsteter J, Pogacar Z, et al., 2014. The decalog of long non-coding RNA involvement in cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 51(6):344–357. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408363.2014.944299
Lee J, Jung JH, Chae YS, et al., 2016. Long noncoding RNA snaR regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res, 36(12):6289–6295. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.11224
Lehmann BD, Bauer JA, Chen X, et al., 2011. Identification of human triple-negative breast cancer subtypes and preclinical models for selection of targeted therapies. J Clin Invest, 121(7):2750–2767. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI45014
Li HY, Liang JL, Kuo YL, et al., 2017. miR-105/93-3p promotes chemoresistance and circulating miR-105/93-3p acts as a diagnostic biomarker for triple negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res, 19:133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-017-0918-2
Li J, Chen CC, Ma XC, et al., 2016. Long noncoding RNA NRON contributes to HIV-1 latency by specifically inducing TAT protein degradation. Nat Commun, 7:11730. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11730
Li J, Cui ZG, Li H, et al., 2018. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 in human cancers: a review and meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int, 18:109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-018-0606-z
Li N, Deng YJ, Zhou LH, et al., 2019. Global burden of breast cancer and attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2017: results from the global burden of disease study 2017. J Hematol Oncol, 12:140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0828-0
Li SQ, Zhou J, Wang ZX, et al., 2018. Long noncoding RNA GAS5 suppresses triple negative breast cancer progression through inhibition of proliferation and invasion by competitively binding miR-196a-5p. Biomed Pharmacother, 104:451–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.056
Li WT, Liu CL, Zhao CL, et al., 2016. Downregulation of β3 integrin by miR-30a-5p modulates cell adhesion and invasion by interrupting Erk/Ets-1 network in triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Mol Sci, 48(3):1155–1164. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2016.3319
Li XH, Hou LL, Yin L, et al., 2020. LncRNA XIST interacts with miR-454 to inhibit cells proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition and induces apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer. J Biosci, 45:45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-020-9999-7
Li XN, Wu YM, Liu AH, et al., 2016. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells through a miR-18a-HIF1α feedback regulatory loop. Tumor Biol, 37(11):14733–14743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-016-5348-8
Li Z, Li Y, Li Y, et al., 2017. Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer through upregulating DNMT1 expression by sponging miR-152. J Biochem Mol Toxicol, 31(9):e21933. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.21933
Li ZS, Meng QY, Pan AF, et al., 2017. MicroRNA-455-3p promotes invasion and migration in triple negative breast cancer by targeting tumor suppressor EI24. Oncotarget, 8(12):19455–19466. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.14307
Li ZX, Qian J, Li J, et al., 2019. Knockdown of lncRNA-HOTAIR downregulates the drug-resistance of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med, 18(1):435–442. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7629
Liang YJ, Hu J, Li JT, et al., 2015. Epigenetic activation of TWIST1 by MTDH promotes cancer stem-like cell traits in breast cancer. Cancer Res, 75(17):3672–3680. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-0930
Liedtke C, Mazouni C, Hess K, et al., 2008. Response to neoadjuvant therapy and long-term survival in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol, 26(8):1275–1281. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.4147
Lin AF, Li CL, Xing Z, et al., 2016. The LINK-A lncRNA activates normoxic HIF1α signalling in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat Cell Biol, 18(2):213–224. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb3295
Liu AN, Qu HJ, Gong WJ, et al., 2019. LncRNA AWPPH and miRNA-21 regulates cancer cell proliferation and chemo-sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer by interacting with each other. J Cell Biochem, 120(9):14860–14866. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.28747
Liu HY, Wang G, Yang LL, et al., 2016. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA UCA1 increases the tamoxifen sensitivity of breast cancer cells through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. PLoS ONE, 11(12):e0168406. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168406
Liu L, He J, Wei X, et al., 2017a. MicroRNA-20a-mediated loss of autophagy contributes to breast tumorigenesis by promoting genomic damage and instability. Oncogene, 36(42):5874–5884. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2017.193
Liu L, Yu DH, Shi H, et al., 2017b. Reduced lncRNA Aim enhances the malignant invasion of triple-negative breast cancer cells mainly by activating Wnt/β-catenin/mTOR/PI3K signaling. Pharmazie, 72(10):599–603. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2017.7547
Liu M, Xing LQ, Liu YJ, 2017. A three-long noncoding RNA signature as a diagnostic biomarker for differentiating between triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancers. Medicine (Baltimore), 96(9):e6222. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000006222
Liu XP, Tang HL, Chen JP, et al., 2015. MicroRNA-101 inhibits cell progression and increases paclitaxel sensitivity by suppressing MCL-1 expression in human triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 6(24):20070–20083. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4039
Luan T, Zhang XM, Wang SY, et al., 2017. Long non-coding RNA MIAT promotes breast cancer progression and functions as ceRNA to regulate DUSP7 expression by sponging miR-155-5p. Oncotarget, 8(44):76153–76164. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.19190
Luo LY, Tang HL, Ling L, et al., 2018. LINC01638 lncRNA activates MTDH-Twist1 signaling by preventing SPOP-mediated c-Myc degradation in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncogene, 37(47):6166–6179. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-018-0396-8
Luo N, Zhang KJ, Li X, et al., 2020. ZEB1 induced-upregulation of long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 facilitates the progression of triple negative breast cancer by binding with ELAVL1 to maintain the stability of ZEB1 mRNA. J Cell Biochem, online. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.29572
Lv ZD, Kong B, Liu XP, et al., 2016. miR-655 suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting Prrx1 in triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med, 20(5):864–873. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.12770
Ma DC, Chen C, Wu J, et al., 2019. Up-regulated lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 indicates a poor prognosis and promotes carcinogenesis of breast cancer. Breast Cancer, 26(1):74–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-018-0891-3
Matamala N, Vargas MT, González-Cámpora R, et al., 2015. Tumor microRNA expression profiling identifies circulating microRNAs for early breast cancer detection. Clin Chem, 61(8):1098–1106. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.238691
Mathe A, Scott RJ, Avery-Kiejda K, 2015. miRNAs and other epigenetic changes as biomarkers in triple negative breast cancer. Int J Mol Sci, 16(12):28347–28376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226090
Mattick JS, 2011. The central role of RNA in human development and cognition. FEBS Lett, 585(11):1600–1616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2011.05.001
Mattick JS, Makunin IV, 2006. Non-coding RNA. Hum Mol Genet, 15(1):R17–R29. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddl046
Mattick JS, Amaral PP, Dinger ME, et al., 2009. RNA regulation of epigenetic processes. BioEssays, 31(1):51–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.080099
Mayer IA, Abramson VG, Lehmann BD, et al., 2014. New strategies for triple-negative breast cancer—deciphering the heterogeneity. Clin Cancer Res, 20(4):782–790. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-0583
Miao YF, Fan RG, Chen LG, et al., 2016. Clinical significance of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 expression in tissue and serum of breast cancer. Ann Clin Lab Sci, 46(4):418–424.
Mou EX, Wang H, 2019. LncRNA LUCAT1 facilitates tumorigenesis and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer through modulating miR-5702. Biosci Rep, 39(9):BSR20190489. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20190489
Niu LM, Fan QX, Yan M, et al., 2019. LncRNA NRON down-regulates lncRNA snaR and inhibits cancer cell proliferation in TNBC. Biosci Rep, 39(5):BSR20190468. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20190468
O’Brien K, Lowry MC, Corcoran C, et al., 2015. MiR-134 in extracellular vesicles reduces triple-negative breast cancer aggression and increases drug sensitivity. Oncotarget, 6(32):32774–32789. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5192
Onyeagucha B, Rajamanickam S, Subbarayalu P, et al., 2016. Abstract P2-03-04: down-regulation of Bcl2-related ovarian killer (BOK) by miR-296-5p protects breast cancer cells from paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res, 76(S4):P2–03–04. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS15-P2-03-04
Paraskevopoulou MD, Hatzigeorgiou AG, 2016. Analyzing miRNA-lncRNA interactions. In: Feng Y, Zhang L (Eds.), Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols. Humana Press, New York, p.271–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3378-5_21
Phan B, Majid S, Ursu S, et al., 2016. Tumor suppressor role of microRNA-1296 in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 7(15):19519–19530. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6961
Piasecka D, Braun M, Kordek R, et al., 2018. MicroRNAs in regulation of triple-negative breast cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 144(8):1401–1411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-018-2689-2
Prensner JR, Chinnaiyan AM, 2011. The emergence of lncRNAs in cancer biology. Cancer Discov, 1(5):391–407. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-0209
Razaviyan J, Hadavi R, Tavakoli R, et al., 2018. Expression of miRNAs targeting mTOR and S6K1 genes of mTOR signaling pathway including miR-96, miR-557, and miR-3182 in triple-negative breast cancer. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 186(4):1074–1089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-018-2773-8
Ren Y, Han XD, Yu K, et al., 2014. microRNA-200c down-regulates XIAP expression to suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep, 10(1):315–321. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2222
Reshetnikova G, Troyanovsky S, Rimm DL, 2007. Definition of a direct extracellular interaction between Met and E-cadherin. Cell Biol Int, 31(4):366–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.01.022
Rhodes LV, Martin EC, Segar HC, et al., 2015. Dual regulation by microRNA-200b-3p and microRNA-200b-5p in the inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 6(18):16638–16652. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3184
Romero-Cordoba SL, Rodriguez-Cuevas S, Rebollar-Vega R, et al., 2016. A microRNA signature identifies subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer and reveals miR-342-3p as regulator of a lactate metabolic pathway through silencing monocarboxylate transporter 1. Cancer Res, 76(6):A47. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.NONRNA15-A47
Sha S, Yuan DY, Liu YJ, et al., 2017. Targeting long non-coding RNA DANCR inhibits triple negative breast cancer progression. Biol Open, 6(9):1310–1316. https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.023135
Shen X, Zhong JX, Yu P, et al., 2019. YY1-regulated LINC00152 promotes triple negative breast cancer progression by affecting on stability of PTEN protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 509(2):448–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.074
Shin VY, Siu MT, Ho JC, et al., 2014. Abstract 531: miR-199a-5p is a biomarker for and regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Cancer Res, 74(S19):531. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-531
Shin VY, Chen JW, Cheuk IWY, et al., 2019. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 confers oncogenic role in triple-negative breast cancer through modulating chemoresistance and cancer stemness. Cell Death Dis, 10(4):270. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-019-1513-5
Shukla GC, Singh J, Barik S, 2011. MicroRNAs: processing, maturation, target recognition and regulatory functions. Mol Cell Pharmacol, 3(3):83–92.
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A, 2019. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin, 69(1):7–34. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21551
Smith MA, Mattick JS, 2017. Structural and functional annotation of long noncoding RNAs. In: Keith JM (Ed.), Bioinformatics: Volume II: Structure, Function, and Applications. Humana Press, New York, p.65–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6613-4_4
Song GQ, Zhao Y, 2015. MicroRNA-211, a direct negative regulator of CDC25B expression, inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cells’ growth and migration. Tumor Biol, 36(7):5001–5009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3151-6
Song X, Liu ZY, Yu ZY, 2019. LncRNA NEF is downregulated in triple negative breast cancer and correlated with poor prognosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai), 51(4):386–392. https://doi.org/10.1093/abbs/gmz021
Sørlie T, 2004. Molecular portraits of breast cancer: tumour subtypes as distinct disease entities. Eur J Cancer, 40(18):2667–2675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2004.08.021
St. Laurent G, Wahlestedt C, Kapranov P, 2015. The landscape of long noncoding RNA classification. Trends Genet, 31(5):239–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2015.03.007
Sun WL, Yang YB, Xu CJ, et al., 2017. Regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs on gene expression in cancers. Cancer Genet, 216–217:105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.06.003
Sun X, Li YQ, Zheng MZ, et al., 2016. MicroRNA-223 increases the sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer stem cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by targeting HAX-1. PLoS ONE, 11(9):e0162754. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162754
Taft RJ, Pang KC, Mercer TR, et al., 2010. Non-coding RNAs: regulators of disease. J Pathol, 220(2):126–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.2638
Tian T, Wang M, Lin S, et al., 2018. The impact of lncRNA dysregulation on clinicopathology and survival of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 12:359–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omtn.2018.05.018
Tse JC, Kalluri R, 2007. Mechanisms of metastasis: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and contribution of tumor microenvironment. J Cell Biochem, 101(4):816–829. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.21215
Tsouko E, Wang J, Frigo DE, et al., 2015. miR-200a inhibits migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells through direct repression of the EPHA2 oncogene. Carcinogenesis, 36(9):1051–1060. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgv087
Verma A, Kaur J, Mehta K, 2019. Molecular oncology update: breast cancer gene expression profiling. Asian J Oncol, 1(2):65–72. https://doi.org/10.4103/2454-6798.173282
Wang B, Zhang QY, 2012. The expression and clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in serum of five solid tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 138(10):1659–1666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-012-1244-9
Wang C, Zheng XQ, Shen CY, et al., 2012. MicroRNA-203 suppresses cell proliferation and migration by targeting BIRC5 and LASP1 in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 31:58. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-9966-31-58
Wang H, Tan ZQ, Hu H, et al., 2019. microRNA-21 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by targeting LZTFL1. BMC Cancer, 19:738. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5951-3
Wang J, Tsouko E, Jonsson P, et al., 2014. miR-206 inhibits cell migration through direct targeting of the actin-binding protein Coronin 1C in triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Oncol, 8(8):1690–1702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2014.07.006
Wang L, Liu DQ, Wu XR, et al., 2018. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) RMST in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): expression analysis and biological roles research. J Cell Physiol, 233(10):6603–6612. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26311
Wang LH, Luan T, Zhou SH, et al., 2019. LncRNA HCP5 promotes triple negative breast cancer progression as a ceRNA to regulate BIRC3 by sponging miR-219a-5p. Cancer Med, 8(9):4389–4403. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2335
Wang N, Hou MS, Zhan Y, et al., 2019a. LncRNA PTCSC3 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation by downregulating lncRNA H19. J Cell Biochem, 120(9):15083–15088. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.28769
Wang N, Zhong CC, Fu MT, et al., 2019b. Long non-coding RNA HULC promotes the development of breast cancer through regulating LYPD1 expression by sponging miR-6754-5p. Onco Targets Ther, 12:10671–10679. https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S226040
Wang OC, Yang F, Liu YH, et al., 2017. C-MYC-induced upregulation of lncRNA SNHG12 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Am J Transl Res, 9(2):533–545.
Wang PS, Chou CH, Lin CH, et al., 2018. A novel long non-coding RNA linc-ZNF469-3 promotes lung metastasis through miR-574-5p-ZEB1 axis in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogene, 37(34):4662–4678. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-018-0293-1
Wang SW, Ke H, Zhang HL, et al., 2018. LncRNA MIR100HG promotes cell proliferation in triple-negative breast cancer through triplex formation with p27 loci. Cell Death Dis, 9(8):805. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-018-0869-2
Wang XL, Chen T, Zhang Y, et al., 2019. Long noncoding RNA Linc00339 promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression through miR-377-3p/HOXC6 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol, 234(8):13303–13317. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.28007
Wang XS, Zhang Z, Wang HC, et al., 2006. Rapid identification of UCA1 as a very sensitive and specific unique marker for human bladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res, 12(16):4851–4858. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0134
Wang YX, Zhang ZY, Wang JQ, 2018. MicroRNA-384 inhibits the progression of breast cancer by targeting ACVR1. Oncol Rep, 39(6):2563–2574. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6385
Winton MJ, Igaz LM, Wong MM, et al., 2008. Disturbance of nuclear and cytoplasmic TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) induces disease-like redistribution, sequestration, and aggregate formation. J Biol Chem, 283(19):13302–13309. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M800342200
Wu CH, Luo J, 2016. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) enhances tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells via inhibiting mtor signaling pathway. Med Sci Monit, 22:3860–3867. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.900689
Wu JL, Shuang ZY, Zhao JF, et al., 2018. Linc00152 promotes tumorigenesis by regulating DNMTs in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 97:1275–1281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.055
Xiong HP, Yan T, Zhang WJ, et al., 2018. miR-613 inhibits cell migration and invasion by downregulating Daam1 in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Signal, 44:33–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/jxellsig.2018.01.013
Xu ST, Xu JH, Zheng ZR, et al., 2017. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL promotes carcinogenesis via sponging miR-199a in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 96:14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.107
Yang CF, Humphries B, Li YF, et al., 2017. Abstract 1468: miR-200b targets ARHGAP18 and suppresses triple negative breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Res, 77(S13):1468. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1468
Yang F, Liu YH, Dong SY, et al., 2016a. Co-expression networks revealed potential core lncRNAs in the triple-negative breast cancer. Gene, 591(2):471–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.002
Yang F, Dong SY, Lv L, et al., 2016b. Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 was up-regulated in triple-negative breast cancer and regulated proliferation and invasion. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 9(6):6378–6384.
Yang J, Meng XL, Yu Y, et al., 2019. LncRNA POU3F3 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cancer cells in triple-negative breast cancer by inactivating caspase 9. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 83(6):1117–1123. https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2019.1588097
Yoon MK, Mitrea DM, Ou L, et al., 2012. Cell cycle regulation by the intrinsically disordered proteins p21 and p27. Biochem Soc Trans, 40(5):981–988. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20120092
Youness RA, Hafez HM, Khallaf E, et al., 2019. The long noncoding RNA sONE represses triple-negative breast cancer aggressiveness through inducing the expression of miR-34a, miR-15a, miR-16, and let-7a. J Cell Physiol, 234(11):20286–20297. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.28629
Yu FS, Wang L, Zhang BW, 2019. Long non-coding RNA DRHC inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells in triple negative breast cancer by downregulating long non-coding RNA HOTAIR. Oncol Lett, 18(4):3817–3822. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10683
Zhang H, Li BW, Zhao HB, et al., 2015. The expression and clinical significance of serum miR-205 for breast cancer and its role in detection of human cancers. Int J Clin Exp Med, 8(2):3034–3043.
Zhang KJ, Luo ZL, Zhang Y, et al., 2016. Circulating lncRNA H19 in plasma as a novel biomarker for breast cancer. Cancer Biomark, 17(2):187–194. https://doi.org/10.3233/CBM-160630
Zhang KM, Liu P, Tang HL, et al., 2018. AFAP1-AS1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Pharmacol, 9:1248. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01248
Zhang R, Xia LQ, Lu WW, et al., 2016. LncRNAs and cancer. Oncol Lett, 12(2):1233–1239. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4770
Zhang YY, He Q, Hu ZY, et al., 2016. Long noncoding RNA LINP1 regulates repair of DNA double-strand breaks in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 23(6):522–530. https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3211
Zhao D, Besser AH, Wander SA, et al., 2015. Cytoplasmic p27 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis via STAT3-mediated TWIST1 upregulation. Oncogene, 34(43):5447–5459. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2014.473
Zhao M, Ding XF, Shen JY, et al., 2017. Use of liposomal doxorubicin for adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer in clinical practice. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol), 18(1):15–26. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1600303
Zhao ZT, Li L, Du PN, et al., 2019. Transcriptional downregulation of miR-4306 serves as a new therapeutic target for triple negative breast cancer. Theranostics, 9(5):1401–1416. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.30701
Zheng LH, Zhang YH, Fu YJ, et al., 2019. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates BLCAP mRNA expression through binding to miR-339-5p and promotes poor prognosis in breast cancer. Biosci Rep, 39(2):BSR20181284. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20181284
Zuo YG, Li Y, Zhou ZY, et al., 2017. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 promotes proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-129-5p in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 95:922–928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Juan XU performed the preliminary framework of the article and wrote the manuscript. Kang-jing WU performed the analysis of data. Qiao-jun JIA and Xian-feng DING designed the article and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and, therefore, have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
Corresponding author
Additional information
Compliance with ethics guidelines
Juan XU, Kang-jing WU, Qiao-jun JIA, and Xian-feng DING declare that they have no conflict of interest.
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
Project supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY18C050006) and the Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province (No. 2020C02039)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, J., Wu, Kj., Jia, Qj. et al. Roles of miRNA and IncRNA in triple-negative breast cancer. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 21, 673–689 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900709
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900709
Key words
- Biomarker
- Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)
- MicroRNA
- Regulation mechanism
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)