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Mechanical properties of concrete made with calcined clay: a review by RILEM TC-282 CCL

  • RILEM TC 282-CCL, Calcinated Clays as Supplementary Cementitious Materials
  • Published:
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Abstract

A review of the mechanical property development of concrete containing calcined clay was performed. A comparison of compressive and tensile strength results showed that concrete can be made to have equivalent or higher strength as an ordinary portland cement (OPC) system with up to 30% calcined clay or 50% blend of calcined clay and limestone fines in a limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) system, as long as the kaolinite content in the clay used is above 40%. Most of the strength development in these systems occurs during the first 7 days, making extended wet curing not necessary in these systems. Calcined clay systems are subject to the cross-over effect because of the high solubility of ettringite and lower cement degree of hydration at elevated temperatures. Concrete creep and shrinkage were found to be a function of the clay kaolinite content and replacement level. Bond strength was improved by the use of up to 20% metakaolin.

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Adapted from (Coutinho 1958) [106]

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Availability of data and material

All data cited in this review paper is available in the referenced sources.

Abbreviations

PC:

Portland cement

MK:

Metakaolin

LC3 :

Cement with limestone and calcined clay

LC2 :

Limestone calcined clay admixture

w/cm:

Water–cementitious material ratio

w/b:

Water–binder ratio

OPC:

Ordinary portland cement

SCM:

Supplementary cementitious material

ITZ:

Interfacial transition zone

PCL:

Portland cement: calcined clay: limestone fines

HTS-SHCC:

High-tensile strength strain-hardening cementitious composites

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No funding was provided for this work. This work was performed by a volunteer working subgroup on RILEM committee 282-CCL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Shiju Joseph

  2. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Yuvaraj Dhandapani

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

    Daniel A. Geddes

  4. Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Zengfeng Zhao

  5. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India

    Shashank Bishnoi

  6. National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal

    Manuel Vieira

  7. Center for Research and Development of Structures and Materials (CIDEM), Central University of Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba

    Fernando Martirena

  8. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Arnaud Castel

  9. Specialist Technology and Research, Advanced Digital Engineering, ARUP, London, UK

    Fragkoulis Kanavaris

  10. Department of Civil Engineering, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India

    Tushar Bansal

  11. Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Kyle A. Riding

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the review paper conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SJ, YD, DAG, ZZ, SB,MV, FM,AC, FK and KAR and was edited by YD, SB, FM, TB and KAR. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kyle A. Riding.

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TC Membership: Chair: Fernando Martirena-Hernandez, Cuba; Deputy Chair: Manu Santhanam, India.

Regular Members: Eduardo Irassar, Argentina; Arnaud Castel, David Law, Sumaiya Afroz, Taehwin Kim, Vinh Dao, Australia; Jan Elsen, Ruben Snellings, Belgium; Silvia Vieira, Brazil; Arezki Tagnit-Hamou, William Wilson, Canada; Kequan Yu, Tongbo Sui, Zengfeng Zhao, China; Oscar Oswaldo Vásquez, Colombia; Adrian Alujas, Roger Samuel Roger, Cuba; Joergen Skibsted, Mariana Canut, Sergio Ferreiro Garzón, Wolfgang Kunther, Denmark; Fabrizio Moro, François Avet, Gabriel Pham, Gilles Escadeillas, Pascal Dion, Pascal Boustingorry, Victor Poussardin, France; Alisa Machner, Elsa Qoku, Frank Dehn, Karl-Christian Theinel, Matthias Maier, Mohsen Ben Haha, Germany; Luis Velasquez, Guatemala; Anuj Parashar, Sri Kalyana Rama Jyosyula, Ravindra Gettu, Shashank Bishnoi, Talakokula Visalakshi, Tushar Bansal, Yuvaraj Dhandapani, India; Laith Al-Jaberi, Iraq; Luca Valentini, Italy; Joseph Mwiti Marangu, Kenya; Sol Moi Park, Korea; J Ivan Escalante-Garcia, Mexico; Hassan Ez-Zaki, Morroco; Roman Jaskulski, Poland; Angela Maria Nunes, Karyne Ferreira do Santos, Manuel Vieira, Portugal; Guoqing Geng, Singapore; Franco Zunino, Karen Scrivener, Switzerland; Alastair Marsh, Daniel Geddes, Hoda Beltagui, Wenzhong Zhu, Fragkoulis Kanavaris, John Provis, Shiju Joseph, Susan Bernal Lopez, Theodore Hanein, UK; Claire White, Katelyn O’Quinn, Kyle Riding, Maria C.G. Juenger, USA.

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Joseph, S., Dhandapani, Y., Geddes, D.A. et al. Mechanical properties of concrete made with calcined clay: a review by RILEM TC-282 CCL. Mater Struct 56, 84 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-023-02118-8

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