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Long-term field exposure of structural concretes in marine environment: state-of-the-art review by RILEM TC 289-DCM

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Abstract

This paper reviews the technical aspects related to the long-term field exposure practice in marine environments, based on the return of experiences of major marine exposure sites in world-wide scope. The long-term exposure practice helps both the research on durability mechanisms of structural concretes under real environments and the calibration of durability models to support the life-cycle management of concrete structures. The presentation of the field exposure data can be categorized into the information relevant to exposure sites, the data related to the exposed materials and specimens, the information of environmental actions, and the data related to the performance of materials. A standardized presentation of these data can help the efficiency of data sharing and exploitation. The exploitation of exposure data employs various models to represent the chloride ingress and the induced corrosion risk of the embedded steel bars. There are needs for models addressing the strong environment-material interactions, and simple yet reliable durability indicators for engineering use. The design and operation of exposure stations need the careful choice of exposure sites and specimens, the appropriate scheme for monitoring and inspection of exposed specimens, the systematic recording and management of exposure data, and the regular maintenance of exposure facilities. The support of exposure data for life-cycle management is demonstrated through the durability planning of a real project case. The good practice of long-term field exposure is summarized in the end.

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Source: Courtesy of Mr. Quanke Su (HZMBA)

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Acknowledgements

Prof. Kefei Li and Dr. Junjie Wang acknowledge the support of NSFC project Grant No. 52038004; Prof. Quanwang Li from Civil Engineering Department of Tsinghua University contributed to the uncertainty analysis of field exposure data in Section 3.2 and helped the calculations of failure probability updating in Figure 6 and Figure 7; the support of Mr. Quanke Su, Engineer-in-Chief from Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge Authority (HZMBA), is acknowledged; Dr. Pedro Castro Borges acknowledges the fruitful collaboration from Ms. Mercedes Balancán Zapata.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Kefei Li & Junjie Wang

  2. CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510290, China

    Junjie Zeng & Shengnian Wang

  3. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Luping Tang

  4. Building and Construction, Danish Technological Institute, Taastrup, Denmark

    Henrik Erndahl Sørensen

  5. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, Km 6 Ant Carr. a Progreso, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico

    Pedro Castro Borges

  6. Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Richard Birkelandsvei 1A, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Mette Rica Geiker & Malene Thostrup Pedersen

  7. School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, China

    Peng Zhang

  8. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa

    Saarthak Surana

  9. School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK

    Riccardo Maddalena

  10. International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE), Building C1, C/ Gran Capità, S/N, 08034, Barcelona, Spain

    Carmen Andrade

  11. Université Gustave Eiffel, Campus de Marne la Vallée, Cité Descartes, 14 Boulevard Newton, 77420, Champs sur Marne, France

    Véronique Baroghel-Bouny

  12. Facultad de Construcciones, Universidad Central de las Villas, Carretera de Camajuani km 5, 408000, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba

    Fernando Martirena-Hernández

  13. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, # 02-17E, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

    Guoqing Geng

  14. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Building Research Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel

    Konstantin Kovler

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This paper has been prepared within the framework of RILEM TC 289-DCM. This paper has been reviewed and approved by all TC members.

TC Membership: Chair: Kefei Li; Deputy TC Chair: Junjie Zeng; TC Members: Karim Ait-Mokhtar, Mark Alexander, Carmen Andrade, Tushar Bansal, Ana Baricevic, Véronique Baroghel-Bouny, María José Castillo, Pedro Castro Borges, Gilberto Cidreira Keserle, Patrick Dangla, Vinh Dao, Mette Geiker, Guoqing Geng, Fabien Georget, Tingyu Hao, Karla Hornbostel, Liming Huang, Fragkoulis Kanavaris, Konstantin Kovler, Gyanendra Kumar, Kefei Li, Jianxin Lu, Riccardo Maddalena, José Fernando Martirena-Hernandez, Fabrizio Moro, Lars-Olof Nilsson, Malene Thostrup Pedersen, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, Javier Sanchez Montero, Luca Sorelli, Henrik Erndahl Sørensen, Saarthak Surana, Wallace Siu-Ming Tam, Luping Tang, Michael D. A. Thomas, Roberto J. Torrent, Tamon Ueda, André Valente Monteiro, Talakokula Visalakshi, Junjie Wang, Shengnian Wang, Min Wu, Meijie Xie, Andi Zahedi Rezaieh, Junjie Zeng, Peng Zhang

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Li, K., Zeng, J., Tang, L. et al. Long-term field exposure of structural concretes in marine environment: state-of-the-art review by RILEM TC 289-DCM. Mater Struct 55, 205 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-022-02027-2

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