Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Strengthening of masonry arches with Textile-Reinforced Mortar: experimental behaviour and analytical approaches

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Materials and Structures Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The continuous and growing interest in the conservation of historical heritages requires easy to use and reliable strengthening systems with related calculation methods that allow evaluating the capacity of existing and strengthened masonry structures. However, the analytical models applicable to retrofitted masonry structures have not been developed at the same level as those of other modern construction materials. In particular, there is a gap between the experimental results of masonry elements strengthened with innovative systems and the predicted structural behaviour provided by analytical models. This can hinder exhaustive analysis of experimental results and potentially led to over conservative design methods for innovative strengthening solutions. The present work investigated the performance of the basalt textile reinforced mortar (BTRM) strengthening system, applied to stone masonry arches, and evaluated the applicability of three different analytical approaches for design purposes. The basic materials and the BTRM composite were tested for the definition of the main constitutive laws. Three unreinforced stone masonry arches and nine arches retrofitted according to three different layouts were tested under vertical monotonic load. The experimental and analytical results were compared for the identification of the more suitable analytical approach for design purposes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aiello MA, De Lorenzis L, Galati N, La Tegola A (2004) Bond between FRP laminates and curved concrete substrates with anchoring composite spikes. In: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on innovative materials and technologies for construction and restoration IMTCR’04, 6–9 June 2004, Lecce, Italy, pp 45–56

  2. ANSYS®, Release 13.0, Help System, coupled field analysis guide, ANSYS, Inc.

  3. Baratta A (1984) Il materiale non reagente a trazione come modello per il calcolo delle tensioni nelle pareti murarie. Giornale di Restauro 75:53–77

    Google Scholar 

  4. Baratta A (1991) Statics and reliability of masonry structures. In: Casciati F, Roberts JB (eds) Reliability problems: general principles and applications in mechanics of solids and structures. CISM, Udine, pp 205–235

    Google Scholar 

  5. Baratta A (1996) Structural analysis of masonry building. Seismic Risk of Historical Centres, Ed. Città del Sole, Napoli, pp 77–117

  6. Baratta A, Corbi O (2007) Stress analysis of masonry vaults and static efficacy of FRP repairs. Int J Solids Struct 44(1):8028–8056

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Baratta A, Toscano R (1982) Stati tensionali in pannelli di materiale non reagente a trazione. In: Proceedings of 6th Italian Conference AIMETA, Genova, Italy, pp 291–301

  8. Baratta A, Voiello G (1987) Modelli matematici per l’ analisi delle strutture murarie. Giornale di Restauro 87(88):81–125

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bazant ZP (1995) Creep and damage in concrete. In: Skalny J, Mindess S (eds) Materials science of concrete IV. The American Ceramic Society, Westerville, pp 355–389

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bazant ZP (1996) Analysis of work-of fracture method for measuring fracture energy of concrete. J Eng Mech ASCE 122(2):138–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Bazant ZP (1997) Recent advances in brittle-plastic compression failure: damage localization, scaling and finite strain. In: Owen DRJ, Onate E, Hinton E (eds) Proceedings of 5th international conference on computational plasticity: fundamentals and applications COMPLAS-5. International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Barcelona, pp 3–19

  12. Bernat E, Gil L, Roca P, Escrig C (2013) Experimental and analytical study of TRM strengthened brickwork walls under eccentric compressive loading. Constr Build Mater 44(13):35–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Como M, Grimaldi A (1983) A Unilateral model for limit analysis of masonry walls. In: Del Piero G, Maceri F (eds) Unilateral problems in structural analysis, CISM courses and lectures, vol 288. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 25–46

    Google Scholar 

  14. De Lorenzis L, Dimitri R, La Tegola A (2005) Reduction of the lateral thrust of masonry arches and vaults with FRP composites. Constr Build Mater 21(7):1415–1430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Del Piero G (1989) Constitutive equation and compatibility of the external loads for linear-elastic masonry materials. Meccanica 24(3):150–162

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Di Pasquale S (1982) Questioni di meccanica dei solidi non reagenti a trazione. In: Proceedings of 6th Italian Conference, Genova, Italy, pp 251–263

  17. Elmalich D, Rabinovitch O (2009) Masonry and monolithic circular arches strengthened with composite materials: a finite element mode. Comput Struct 87(9–10):521–533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Foraboschi P (2004) Strengthening of masonry arches with fiber-reinforced polymer strips. J Compos Constr 8(3):191–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Franciosi V (1980) L’attrito nel calcolo a rottura delle murature. G Genio Civ 8:215–234

    Google Scholar 

  20. García D, San-José JT, Garmendia L, San-Mateos R (2012) Experimental study of traditional stone masonry under compressive load and comparison of results with design codes. Mater Struct 45(7):995–1006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Garmendia L (2010) Rehabilitation of masonry arches by a compatible and minimally invasive strengthening system. Doctoral thesis dissertation, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao (UPV/EHU)

  22. Garmendia L, San-José JT, García D, Larrinaga P (2011) Rehabilitation of masonry arches with compatible advanced composite material. Constr Build Mater 25(12):4374–4385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Garmendia L, San-José JT, García D, Larrinaga P (2012) Textile reinforced mortar as strengthening material for masonry arches. Int J Archit Herit. doi:10.1080/15583058.2012.704480

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gilbert J (2005) RING Theory and modelling guide. Computational limit analysis and design unit. University of Sheffield, Sheffield

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hegger J, Will N, Bentur A, Curbach M, Jesse F, Mobasher B, Peled A, Wastiels J (2006) Mechanical behaviour of textile reinforced concrete. Textile Reinforced Concrete. In: Brameshuber W (ed) State-of-the-Art report of RILEM technical committee 201-TRC. RILEM, France, pp.135

  26. Heyman J (1995) The stone skeleton: structural engineering of masonry architecture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  27. Larrinaga P, Chastre C, San-José JT, Garmendia L (2013) Non-linear analytical model of composites based on basalt textile reinforced mortar under uniaxial tension. Compos B 55(13):518–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Lemos JV (2007) Discrete element modeling of masonry structures. Int J Archit Herit 1(2):190–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. López-Almansa F, Sarrablo V, Lourenço PB, Barros JAO, Roca P, da Porto F, Modena C (2010) Reinforced brick masonry light vaults: semi-prefabrication, construction, testing and numerical modelling. Constr Build Mater 24(10):1799–1814

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lourenço PB (2002) Computations on historical masonry structures. Prog Struct Eng Mater 4(3):301–319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Lourenço PB, Martins JP (2001) Strengthening of architectural heritage with composite materials. In: Figueiras JA et al (eds) Composites in constructions. Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, pp 576–577

    Google Scholar 

  32. Oliveira DV, Basilio I, Lourenço PB (2010) Experimental behavior of FRP strengthened masonry arches. J Compos Constr 14(3):312–322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Roca P, López-Almansa F, Miquel J, Hanganu A (2007) Limit analysis of reinforced masonry vaults. Eng Struct 29(3):431–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Roca P, Cervecera M, Gariup G, Pela L (2010) Structural analysis of masonry historical constructions. Classical and advanced approaches. Arch Comput Method Eng 17(3):299–325

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Roca P, Cervera M, Pelà L, Clemente R, Chiumenti M (2013) Continuum FE models for the analysis of Mallorca Cathedral. Eng Struct 46:653–670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. San-José JT (2012) Final report: OPERHA (open and fully compatible next generation of strengthening system for the rehabilitation of Mediterranean building heritage). EU Reseach Project FP6-2003-INCO-MPC-2-517765. http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/78744_en.html. Accessed 13 Aug 2013

  37. Valluzzi MR (2007) On the vulnerability of historical masonry structures: analysis and mitigation. Mater Struct 40(7):723–743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Valluzzi MR, Valdemarca M, Modena C (2001) Behaviour of brick masonry vaults strengthened by FRP laminates. J Compos Constr 5(3):163–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. VITO (2011) Screening LCA of basalt fibers versus glass fibers. http://www.basfiber.com/Sites/basfiber/Uploads/Screening%20LCA%20of%20Basalt%20fibers%20versus%20glass%20fibers.946FDA63B23040698488A3808AA6F996.pdf

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research work was made possible thanks to financing support of EFFESUS Collaborative Project FP7 (G.A. Nº 314678) and the of UPV-EHU IT781-13 research group. Furthermore, the authors want to thank Prof. Pere Roca for his kind contribution to this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. TECNALIA, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700, 48160, Derio, Spain

    Leire Garmendia

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, UPV/EHU, c/Rafael Moreno ‘Pitxitxi’ nº 2, 48013, Bilbao, Spain

    Leire Garmendia & Ignacio Marcos

  3. Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Enrico Garbin & Maria Rosa Valluzzi

Authors
  1. Leire Garmendia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ignacio Marcos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Enrico Garbin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Maria Rosa Valluzzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leire Garmendia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Garmendia, L., Marcos, I., Garbin, E. et al. Strengthening of masonry arches with Textile-Reinforced Mortar: experimental behaviour and analytical approaches. Mater Struct 47, 2067–2080 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0339-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0339-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation