Abstract
Real-time monitoring of gases in harsh environments has become a necessity for a wide range of industries including aviation, aerospace and nuclear plants to control process parameters and optimize operating costs. High-temperature stable materials are necessary for these sensing platforms, often operating at temperatures greater than 500 °C. In this work, we report for the first time Au/gallium oxide nanostructures synthesized using a facile approach which after characterization by optical (UV–Visible) and structural (X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope) analyses exhibited sensitivity to CO at a temperature of 800 °C. We have also studied the thermal, chemical and morphological stability of the samples, and the results indicate that they can be promising for high-temperature gas sensing. Such nanocomposites prepared using simple solution-based approaches can be a promising cost-effective approach for high-temperature and extreme environment gas sensing.
Graphical abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.
Code availability
Not applicable.
References
S.O. Oladokun, Climate change control system and technology series (2015)
O.V. Sanderfoot, T. Holloway, Air pollution impacts on avian species via inhalation exposure and associated outcomes. Environ Res Lett (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8051
J.W. Fergus, Materials for high temperature electrochemical NOx gas sensors. Sens. Actuators B 121, 652–663 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2006.04.077
D. Popa, F. Udrea, Towards integrated mid-infrared gas sensors. Sensors (Switzerland) 19, 1–15 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19092076
S. Kunwar, P. Pandey, J. Lee, Enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance of fully alloyed AgAuPdPt, AgAuPt, AuPt, AgPt, and Pt nanocrystals: systematical investigation on the morphological and LSPR properties of mono -, bi-, tri-, and quad-metallic nanoparticles. ACS Omega 4, 17340–17351 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b02066
P. Carter, J.M.P. Martirez, J.L. Bao, E.A. Carter, First-principles insights into plasmon-induced catalysis. 1–21 (2020)
H. Harutyunyan, F. Suchanek, R. Lemasters, J.J. Foley, Hot-carrier dynamics in catalysis. MRS Bull 45, 32–36 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2019.291
Z. Yuan, R. Li, F. Meng et al., Approaches to enhancing gas sensing properties: a review. Sensors (Switzerland) (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071495
Of TP, Materials C (2011) Fan YANG
G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, M.L. Post et al., Cookie-like Au/NiO nanoparticles with optical gas-sensing properties. Adv. Mater. 19, 561–564 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200600930
P.R. Ohodnicki, M. Andio, C. Wang, Density optical gas sensing responses in transparent conducting oxides with large free carrier density. 024309 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4890011
P.R. Ohodnicki, A review and perspective: thin films for optical based chemical sensing at extreme temperatures. 31–34. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIIW.2012.6378339
G. Dharmalingam, N.A. Joy, B. Grisafe, M.A. Carpenter, Plasmonics-based detection of H2 and CO: discrimination between reducing gases facilitated by material control. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 3, 712–721 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.3.81
N. Karker, G. Dharmalingam, M.A. Carpenter, Thermal energy harvesting plasmonic based chemical sensors. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/nn504870b
M.G. Manera, J. Spadavecchia, D. Buso, et al., Optical gas sensing of TiO2 and TiO2/Au nanocomposite thin films. 132, 107–115 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.01.014
G.E. Della, M. Guglielmi, G. Perotto et al., Chemical CO optical sensing properties of nanocrystalline ZnO-Au films: effect of doping with transition metal ions. Sens. Actuators B 161, 675–683 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.11.011
S. Arulkumar, T. Senthilkumar, S. Parthiban et al., AgNWs-a-TiOx: a scalable wire bar coated core–shell nanocomposite as transparent thin film electrode for flexible electronics applications. J. Mater. Sci. 32, 6454–6464 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-05362-2
S. Arulkumar, S. Parthiban, D. Gnanaprakash, J.Y. Kwon, Solution processed boron doped indium oxide thin-film as channel layer in thin-film transistors. J. Mater. Sci. 30, 18696–18701 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02222-y
M. Bartic, C.I. Baban, H. Suzuki et al., β-Gallium oxide as oxygen gas sensors at a high temperature. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 2879–2884 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01842.x
G. Wang, J. Park, X. Kong et al., Facile synthesis and characterization of gallium oxide (β-Ga 2O3) 1D nanostructures: nanowires, nanoribbons, and nanosheets. Cryst. Growth. Des. 8, 1940–1944 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1021/cg701251j
F.-Z. Su, M. Chen, L.-C. Wang et al., Aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by gold nanoparticles supported on gallia polymorphs. Catal. Commun. 9(6), 1027–1032 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2007.10.010
G. Dharmalingam, M.A. Carpenter, Investigation of the optical and sensing characteristics of nanoparticle arrays for high temperature applications. Sens. Extrem. Harsh Environ. II 9491, 949108 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177572
J. Cao, T. Sun, K.T.V. Grattan, Gold nanorod-based localized surface plasmon resonance biosensors: a review. Sens. Actuators B (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.01.056
E. Ringe, M. R. Langille, K. Sohn, et al. Plasmon length : a universal parameter to describe size effects in gold nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3, 1479–1483 (2012)
P. Property, L. Sun, M. Zhao et al., Gallium oxide nanowire with twinning structure and its. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 20, 2395–2401 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17365
S. Kumar, R. Singh, Nanofunctional gallium oxide (Ga2O3) nanowires/nanostructures and their applications in nanodevices. Phys. Status Solidi 7, 781–792 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201307253
C. Hsieh, L. Chou, G. Lin et al., Nanophotonic switch: gold-in-Ga O peapod nanowires 8, 3081–3085 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0731567
F. Su, M. Chen, L. Wang et al., Aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by gold nanoparticles supported on Gallia polymorphs 9, 1027–1032 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2007.10.010
J.L.M. Rupp, E. Fabbri, D. Marrocchelli et al., Scalable oxygen-ion transport kinetics in metal-oxide films: impact of thermally induced lattice compaction in acceptor doped ceria films. Adv. Funct. Mater. 24, 1562–1574 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201302117
G. Dharmalingam, M.A. Carpenter, Chemical sensing dependence on metal oxide thickness for high temperature plasmonics-based sensors. Sens. Actuators B 251, 1104–1111 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.05.016
L. Keerthana, M. Ahmad Dar, G. Dharmalingam, Plasmonic Au-metal oxide nanocomposites for high-temperature and harsh environment sensing applications. Chem. Asian J. 16, 3558–3584 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.202100885
K. Lee, M.A. El-sayed, Gold and silver nanoparticles in sensing and imaging: sensitivity of plasmon response to size. Shape Metal Compos. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp062536y
V. Amendola, R. Pilot, M. Frasconi, Surface plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles: a review. J. Phys. 29(20), 203002 (2017)
F. Shi, H. Qiao, Preparations, properties and applications of gallium oxide nanomaterials—a review. Nano Sel. 3, 348–373 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/nano.202100149
E. Lira, J. Hansen, P. Huo et al., Dissociative and molecular oxygen chemisorption channels on reduced rutile TiO2(110): an STM and TPD study. Surf. Sci. 604, 1945–1960 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2010.08.004
A.V. Almaev, E.V. Chernikov, N.A. Davletkildeev, D.V. Sokolov, Oxygen sensors based on gallium oxide thin films with addition of chromium. Superlattices Microstruct. 139, 106392 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2020.106392
G. Dharmalingam, M.A. Carpenter, Ac ce p te d cr t. Sens. Actuators B (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.05.016
R. Pavri, G.D. Moore, Gas turbines emissions and control. GE Power Syst. 17, 29–43 (2003)
S. Inasawa, M. Sugiyama, Y. Yamaguchi, Laser-induced shape transformation of gold nanoparticles below the melting point: the effect of surface melting. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 3104–3111 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp045167j
K. Narayanan, D. Gnanaprakash, Branched gold nanostructures through a facile fructose mediated microwave route. J. Clust. Sci. 33, 227–240 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-020-01969-3
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Aeronautics Research & Development Board, Govt of India, Sanction code: DGTM/TM/ARDB/GIA/18-19/0296, (Project No: 2031895).
Funding
This work is supported by the Materials & Manufacturing Panel, Aeronautics Research & Development Board, Govt of India, Sanction code: DGTM/TM/ARDB/GIA/18–19/0296, (Project No: 2031895).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
LK and GD conceptualized the study. LK collected and interpreted the data and drafted the article. ARI assisted with calculations and measurements. Dr. DG has corrected the manuscript and provided the outline of the paper.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Keerthana, L., Indhu, A.R. & Dharmalingam, G. High-temperature stable plasmonic gold gallia nanocomposites for gas sensing. Journal of Materials Research 38, 497–506 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00834-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00834-5