Abstract
The development of new conjugated-polymer tools for the study of the biological realm, and for use in a clinical setting, is reviewed in this article. Conjugated-polymer actuators, based on the changes of volume of the active conjugated polymer during redox transformation, can be used in electrolytes employed in cell-culture media and in biological fluids such as blood, plasma, and urine. Actuators ranging in size from 10 μm to 100 μm suitable for building structures to manipulate single cells are produced with photolithographic techniques. Larger actuators may be used for the manipulation of blood vessels and biological tissue.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.H. Baughman, L.W. Shacklette, R.L. Elsenbaumer, E.J. Plichta, and C. Becht, in Molecular Electronics, edited by P.I. Lazarev (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1991) p. 267.
R.H. Baughman, Synth. Met. 78 (1996) p. 339.
Q. Pei and O. Inganäs, J. Phys. Chem. 96 (25) (1992) p. 10507.
Q. Pei and O. Inganäs, Adv. Mater. 4 (4) (1992) p. 277.
Q. Pei and O. Inganäs, J. Phys. Chem. 97 (22) (1993) p. 6034.
Q. Pei, O. Inganäs, and I. Lundström, Smart Mater. Struct. 2 (1993) p. 1.
T.F. Otero, E. Angulo, J. Rodriguez, and C. Santamaria, J. Electroanal. Chem. 341 (1–2) (1992) p. 369.
A. Della Santa, D. De Rossi, and A. Mazzoldi, Smart Mater. Struct. 6 (1997) p. 23.
A. Della Santa, D.D. Rossi, and A. Mazzoldi, Synth. Met. 90 (1997) p. 93.
M.R. Gandhi, P. Murray, G.M. Spinks, and G.G. Wallace, Synth. Met. 73 (1995) p. 247.
J. Madden, R. Cush, T. Kanigan, C. Brenan, and I. Hunter, Synth. Met. 105 (1999) p. 61.
Q. Pei and O. Inganäs, Synth. Met. 55–57 (1993) p. 3718.
T.F. Otero, J. Rodriguez, E. Angulo, and C. Santamaria, Synth. Met. 57 (1) (1993) p. 3713.
L. Bay, T. Jacobsen, S. Skaarup, and K. West, J. Phys. Chem. B 105 (2001) p. 8492.
R.H. Baughman, C.X. Cui, A.A. Zakhidov, Z. Iqbal, J.N. Barisci, G.M. Spinks, G.G. Wallace, A. Mazzoldi, D. De Rossi, A.G. Rinzler, O. Jaschinski, S. Roth, and M. Kertesz, Science 284 (5418) (1999) p. 1340.
E. Smela, O. Inganäs, Q. Pei, and I. Lundström, Adv. Mater. 5 (9) (1993) p. 630.
G.K. Huang and R.Q. Hu, J. Hand Surg. (Am.) 10 (4) (1985) p. 538.
E.S. Ang, K.C. Tan, L.H. Tan, R.T. Ng, and I.C. Song, J. Reconstr. Microsurg. 17 (3) (2001) p. 193.
F. Lambert and B. Couturaud, Ann. Chir. Plast. Esthet. 43 (1) (1998) p. 14.
C.E. Schmidt, V.R. Shastri, J.P. Vacanti, and R. Langer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 (1997) p. 8948.
Z. Zang, R. Roy, F.J. Dugré, D. Tessier, and L.H. Dao, J. Biomed. Mater Res. 57 (1) (2001) p. 63.
E. Smela, O. Inganäs, and I. Lundström, Science 268 (1995) p. 1735.
E.W.H Jager, O. Inganäs, and I. Lundström, Adv. Mater. 13 (1) (2001) p. 76.
E.W.H Jager, O. Inganäs, and I. Lundström, Science 288 (5475) (2000) p. 2335.
E.W.H Jager, C. Immerstrand, K. Holmgren-Peterson, K.-E. Magnusson, I. Lundström, and O. Inganäs, Biomed. Microdevices (2001) in press.
E.W.H Jager, E. Smela, and O. Inganäs, Science 290 (2000) p. 1540.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Immerstrand, C., Holmgren-Peterson, K., Magnusson, K.E. et al. Conjugated-Polymer Micro- and Milliactuators for Biological Applications. MRS Bulletin 27, 461–464 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.146
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.146