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Localized plasmonic fields of nanoantennas enhance second harmonic generation from two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide

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Abstract

Frequency-dependence and magnitude of second harmonic generation (SHG) from ~4 × 10 & 5 nm & 2 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers was examined in presence of single 150 nm plasmonic gold@silica shell@core nanoantenna monomer and dimers. Quantitative agreement between discrete dipole approximation-calculated fields and measured SHG enhancements was found. SHG from MoS2 was enhanced up to 1.88 × upon deposition of a plasmonic nanoantenna-dimer with 170 nm gap, reaching maximal normalized SHG conversion efficiency of 0.0250%/W. Pump losses attributable to plasmonic damping, e.g., scattering and/or hot-electron injection into MoS2, were apparent. Linear and nonlinear optical activity of MoS2 and nanoantenna controls were compared with literature values.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by NSF EEC-1260301, NSF Graduate Research Fellowship awarded to G.T.F, The University of Arkansas Foundation, Walton Charitable Foundation, NCCR MUST instrument of the Swiss National Research Council, and USARL Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-17-2-0057 award to G.T.F. DDA simulations were performed on the supercomputers of the Arkansas High-Performance Computing Center, supported by NSF 918970 and 959124. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the National Science Foundation, Army Research Laboratory or the US Government. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein.

G.T.F. directed the work, performed experiments and data analysis, and drafted text and figures for the manuscript. L.B. and J.-P.W. developed the experimental setup. D.K.R. initiated consideration of nanoantenna-enhanced nonlinear activity in TMD. L.B. and D.K.R. refined compilation of text and figures. The authors acknowledge 2D Semiconductors for supplying CVD MoS2 samples. The authors thank Drs. Gregory J. Salamo, Surendra P. Singh, Hameed A. Naseem, and Jeremy R. Dunklin for engaging discussions of the data, Dr. Vasyl Kilin for supporting the experiments, and Manoj Seeram for DDA assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MicroElectronics-Photonics Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Gregory T. Forcherio & D. Keith Roper

  2. Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA

    Gregory T. Forcherio

  3. Applied Physics Departement, Université de Genève, Genève, 1211, Switzerland

    Luigi Bonacina & Jean-Pierre Wolf

  4. Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    D. Keith Roper

Authors
  1. Gregory T. Forcherio
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  2. Luigi Bonacina
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  4. D. Keith Roper
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Correspondence to Gregory T. Forcherio.

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The supplementary material for this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2018.133.

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Forcherio, G.T., Bonacina, L., Wolf, JP. et al. Localized plasmonic fields of nanoantennas enhance second harmonic generation from two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide. MRS Communications 8, 1029–1036 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2018.133

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