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Fabrication, mechanical property and in vitro bioactivity of hierarchical macro-/micro-/nano-porous titanium and titanium molybdenum alloys

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Abstract

Novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical macro- to nano-porous titanium (Ti) and TiMo alloys with sufficient compressive strength (CS) were prepared using NaCl spacer and dealloying methods. The dealloying process was implemented by the heat treatment of TiCu and TiMoCu master alloys in Mg powders. The 3D-hierarchical porous structures were composed of large pores having a mean size of 400 μm with interconnected micro-pores in the size of 10–30 μm, where the pore walls possessed numerous nano-pores with a size range of 10–50 nm. The CS and elastic modulus values were 72.4 MPa and 2.67 GPa as well as 92.62 MPa and 3.36 GPa for Ti and TiMo, respectively. The hierarchical porous structure is beneficial for the fast nucleation of bone-like apatite after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). In addition, TiMo samples after NaOH and heat treatments provide better apatite formation after soaking in SBF for a week, in comparison with the samples without treatment.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1737103), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20161419), Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars at State Education Ministry (No. 2015-1098), and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials (No. BM2007204) at Southeast University.

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  1. Faming Zhang

    Present address: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Farhad Saba & Lili Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Farhad Saba

  3. Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Elham Garmroudi-Nezhad

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  1. Farhad Saba
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Correspondence to Faming Zhang.

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Saba, F., Garmroudi-Nezhad, E., Zhang, F. et al. Fabrication, mechanical property and in vitro bioactivity of hierarchical macro-/micro-/nano-porous titanium and titanium molybdenum alloys. Journal of Materials Research 35, 2597–2609 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2020.123

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