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Preparation, ion-exchange, and electrochemical behavior of Cs-type manganese oxides with a novel hexagonal-like morphology

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Abstract

Cs-type layered manganese oxide with a novel hexagonal-like morphology (Cs–BirMO) was prepared by a solid-state reaction procedure. The Cs+ extraction and alkali–metal ion insertion reactions were investigated by chemical analyses, x-ray analyses, scanning electron microscopy observation, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric differential thermal analyses, pH titration, and distribution coefficient (Kd) measurements. A considerable percentage (88%) of Cs+ ions in the interlayer sites were topotactically extracted by acid treatment, accompanied by a slight change of the lattice parameters. Alkali–metal ions could be inserted into the interlayer of the acid-treated sample (H–BirMO), mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The pH titration curve of the H–BirMO sample showed a simple monobasic acid toward Li+, Rb+, and Cs+ ions, and dibasic acid behavior toward Na+ and K+ ions. The order of the apparent capacity was K+ > Li+ ≈ Na+ ≈ Rb+ ≈ Cs+ at pH < 6. The Kd study showed the selectivity sequence of K+ > Rb+ > Na+ > Li+ for alkali–metal ions at the range of pH <5; H–BirMO sample showed markedly high selectivity for the adsorption of K+ ions. Preliminary investigations of the electrochemical properties of the Li+-inserted sample Li–BirMO(1M, 6d) showed that the obtained samples had a relatively high discharge capacity of 115 mAh g−1 and excellent layered stability.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20471036) and The Key Project Foundation of Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (106148).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, People’s Republic of China

    Zong-Huai Liu & Liping Kang

  2. School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of China

    Mingzhu Zhao

  3. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan

    Kenta Ooi

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  1. Zong-Huai Liu
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Correspondence to Zong-Huai Liu.

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Liu, ZH., Kang, L., Zhao, M. et al. Preparation, ion-exchange, and electrochemical behavior of Cs-type manganese oxides with a novel hexagonal-like morphology. Journal of Materials Research 22, 2437–2447 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0302

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