Abstract
Measurement of the electrical conductivity in high-resistance insulators is made difficult by previously unrecognized limits in the electric guarding technique. Electron irradiation experiments on single-crystalline Al2O3, performed for studying the effects of irradiation on the electrical conductivity, revealed that radiation-induced electrical degradation effects in ceramic insulators, previously reported to occur after electron, ion, and neutron irradiation, are an artifact.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L.W. Hobbs, F.W. Clinard, Jr., S.J. Zinkle, and R.C. Ewing, J. Nucl. Mater. 216, 291 (1994).
S.J. Zinkle and E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 191–194, 58 (1992).
C. Kinoshita and S.J. Zinkle, J. Nucl. Mater. 233–237, 100 (1996).
E.R. Hodgson, Cryst. Lattice Defects Amorphous Mater. 18, 169 (1989).
E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 179–181, 383 (1991).
E.R. Hodgson, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 119–121, 827 (1991).
E.R. Hodgson, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 65, 298 (1992).
E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 191–194, 552 (1992).
E.R. Hodgson, in Defects in Insulating Materials, edited by O. Kanert and J-M. Spaeth (World Scientific, New York, 1993), Vol. 2, p. 332.
G.P. Pells, J. Nucl. Mater. 184, 177 (1991).
T. Shikama, M. Narui, Y. Endo, T. Sagawa, and H. Kayano, J. Nucl. Mater. 191–194, 575 (1992).
W. Kesternich, F. Scheuermann, and S.J. Zinkle, J. Nucl. Mater. 206, 68 (1993).
A. Morono and E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 212–215, 1119 (1994).
E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 212–215, 1123 (1994).
P. Jung, Z. Zhu, and H. Klein, J. Nucl. Mater. 206, 72 (1993).
X-F. Zong, C-F. Shen, S. Liu, Z-C. Wu, Y. Chen, B.D. Evans, R. Gonzales, and C.H. Sellers, Phys. Rev. B 49, 15514 (1994).
X-F. Zong, C-F. Shen, S. Liu, Z-C. Wu, Y. Chen, R. Zhang, J.G. Zhu, Y. Chen, B.D. Evans, R. Gonzales, and C.H. Sellers, J. Nucl, Mater. 219, 176 (1995).
X-F. Zong, C-F. Shen, S. Liu, Y. Chen, R. Zhang, Y. Chen, J.G. Zhu, B.D. Evans, and R. Gonzales, Phys. Rev. B 54, 139 (1996).
E.H. Farnum, F.W. Clinard, Jr., W.F. Sommer, J.C. Kennedy, and T. Shikama, J. Nucl. Mater. 212–215, 1128 (1994).
E.H. Farnum and F.W. Clinard, Jr., J. Nucl. Mater. 219, 161 (1995).
E.H. Farnum, T. Shikama, M. Narui, T. Sagawa, and K. Scarborough, J. Nucl. Mater. 228, 117 (1996).
T. Shikama, M. Narui, H. Kayano, and T. Sagawa, J. Nucl. Mater. 212–215, 1133 (1994).
G.P. Pells and B.C. Sowden, J. Nucl. Mater. 223, 174 (1995).
G.P. Pells and E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 226, 286 (1995).
W. Kesternich, F. Scheuermann, and S.J. Zinkle, J. Nucl. Mater. 219, 190 (1995).
F. Scheuermann and W. Kesternich, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Electroceramics and Applications, Aachen, Germany, 1994, Vol. 2, p. 1119.
W. Kesternich, J. Nucl. Mater. 253, 167 (1998).
W. Kesternich, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 748 (1999).
B.D. Evans, J. Nucl. Mater. 219, 202 (1995).
A. Möslang, E. Daum, and R. Lindau, Proceedings of the 18th Symposium of Fusion Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, August 22–26, 1995, p. 131.
J.D. Hunn, R.E. Stoller, and S.J. Zinkle, J. Nucl. Mater. 219, 169 (1995).
S.J. Zinkle, J.D. Hunn, and R.E. Stoller, in Microstructure of Irradiated Materials, edited by I.M. Robertson, S.J. Zinkle, L.E. Rehn, and W.J. Phythian (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 373, Pittsburgh , PA, 1995), p. 299.
L.L. Snead, D.P. White, and S.J. Zinkle, J. Nucl. Mater. 226, 58 (1995).
C. Patuwathavithane, W.Y. Wu, and R.H. Zee, J. Nucl. Mater. 225, 328 (1995).
A. Morono and E.R. Hodgson, J. Nucl. Mater. 233–237, 1299 (1996).
K. Shiiyama, T. Izu, C. Kinosita, and M. Kutsuwada, J. Nucl. Mater. 233–237, 1332 (1996).
T. Terai, T. Kobayashi, T. Yoneoka, and S. Tanaka, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 116, 294 (1996).
S.J. Zinkle, W.S. Eatherly, L.L. Snead, T. Shikama, and K. Shiiyama, Fusion Reactor Semiannual Prog. Rep. DOE/ER-0313/22, 197, p. 188.
A. Möslang, IEA Workshop on Radiation Effects in Ceramic Insulators, Cincinnati, OH, (1997) Proc., edited by S.J. Zinkle, E.R. Hodgson, and T. Shikama, Report ORNL/M-6068 (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN).
M.M.R. Howlader, C. Kinoshita, T. Izu, K. Shiiyama, and M. Kutsuwada, J. Nucl. Mater. 239, 245 (1996).
D.P. White, L.L. Snead, S.J. Zinkle, and W.S. Eatherly, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1924 (1998).
T. Tanufuji, Y. Katano, T. Nakazawa, and K. Noda, J. Nucl. Mater. 253, 156 (1998).
Ninth IEA Workshop on Radiation Effects in Ceramic Insulators, Cincinnati, OH (1997) Proc., edited by S.J. Zinkle, E.R. Hodgson, and T. Shikama, Report ORNL/M-6068 (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN).
ASTM Standard Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials, D-257-91 (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA 1991).
F.G. Will and K.H. Janora, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 75, 2795 (1992).
Yok Chen (private communication).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kesternich, W. Difficulties in measuring electrical conductivities in highly insulating materials: Radiation-induced electrical degradation is an artifact. Journal of Materials Research 15, 2280–2283 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2000.0326
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2000.0326