Abstract
In this study the content of total polyphenolics, rutin, and antioxidant activity in different anatomical parts of common buckwheat plants (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) of six cultivars (Spacinska, Emka, Kasho, Jana C1 and Hrusowska) was analyzed. Antioxidant activity in plant material was determined by free radical DPPH. Highest antioxidant activity was assessed in leaves, whereas stems had the lowest antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content was assessed spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The highest concentrations were detected in leaves, with values ranging from 68.74 to 90.27 g gallic acid equivalents kg−1, while the lowest concentrations were measured in stems (2.88–3.12 g.kg−1). Significant differences between the anatomical parts were confirmed also for rutin content with the exception of cultivars Kasho and Jana C1, where the rutin content in stem and seeds was not statistically different. The highest concentration of rutin (37.90 g.kg−1) was determined in leaves of cultivar Pyra.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Alvarez-Jubete, L., Wijngaard, H., Arendt, E.K., Gallagher, E. 2010. Polyphenol composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of amaranth, quinoa, buckwheat and wheat as affected by sprouting and baking. Food Chemi. 119:770–778.
Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und Technologie 28:25–30.
Christa, K., Soral-Smietana, M. 2008. Buckwheat grains and products — nutritional and prophylactic value of their components — A review. Czech J. of Food Sci. 26:153–162.
Dietrych-Szostak, D., Oleszek, W. 1999. Effect of processing on the flavonoid content in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) grain. J. of Agricultural and Food Chem. 47:4384–4387.
Fabjan, N., Rode, J., Kosir, I.J., Zhang, Z., Kreft, I. 2003. Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) as a source of dietary rutin and quercetin. J. of Agricultural and Food Chemi. 51:6452–6455.
Gallardo, C., Jimenez, L., Garcia-Conesa, M.T. 2006. Hydroxycinnamic acid composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of selected grain fractions. Food Chem. 99:455–463.
Gorinstein, S., Vargas, O.J.M., Jaramillo, N.O., Salas, I.A., Ayala, A.L.M., Arancibia-Avila, P., Toledo, F., Katrich, E., Trakhtenberg, S. 2007. The total polyphenols and the antioxidant potentials of some selected cereals and pseudocereals. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 225:321–328.
Guo, X., Yao, H. 2006. Fractionation and characterization of Tartary buckwheat flour proteins. Food Chem. 98:90–94.
Kalinova, J., Dadaková, E. 2006. Varietal and year changes of rutin content in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Cereal Res. Commun. 34:1315–1321.
Kreft, I., Fabjan, N., Yasumoto, K. 2006. Rutin content in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) food materials and products. Food Chem. 98:508–512.
Kreft, S., Strukelj, B., Gaberscik, A., Kreft, I. 2002. Rutin in buckwheat herbs grown at different UV-B radiation levels: Comparison of two UV spectrophotometric and an HPLC method. J. Exp. Bot. 53:1801–1804.
Kupper, C. 2005. Dietary guidelines and implementation for celiac disease. Gastroenterology 128:121–127.
Lachman, J., Hejtmánková, A., Dudjak, E., Fernández, E., Pivec, V. 2003. Content polyphenolic antioxidants and phenolcarboxylic acids in selected parts of yacon. In: Vitamins 2003 (Proceedings book) — Natural antioxidants and free radicals. University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic, pp. 89–97.
Lee, S.Y., Cho, S.I., Park, M.H., Kim, Y.K., Choi, J.E., Park, S.U. 2007. Growth and rutin production in hairy root cultures of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Preparative Biochem. and Biotechn. 37:239–246.
Morishita, T., Yamaguchi, H., Degi, K. 2007. The contribution of polyphenols to antioxidative activity in common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat grain. Plant Production Sci. 10:99–104.
Ohsawa, R., Tsutsumi, T. 1995. Inter-varietal variations of rutin content in common buckwheat flour (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Euphytica 86:183–189.
Scalbert, A., Manach, C., Morand, C., Remesy, C., Jimenez, L. 2005. Dietary polyphenols and the prevention of diseases. Critical Reviews in Food Sci. and Nutrition 45:287–306.
Stibilj, V., Kreft, I., Smrkolj, P., Osvald, J. 2004. Enhanced selenium content in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds by foliar fertilization. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 219:142–144.
Štočková, L., Matějová, E., Janovská, D., Sýkorová, S. 2009. Porovnání výsledků tří analytických metod pro stanovení obsahu rutinu v pohance tatarské (Comparison of analytical methods for rutin determination in tartary buckwheat). Chemické listy 103:827–831. (In Czech)
Tian, Q., Li, D., Patil, B.S. 2002. Identification and determination of flavonoids in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench., Polygonaceae) by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and photodiode array ultraviolet detection. Phytochem. Analysis 13:251–256.
Velioglu, Y.S., Mazza, G., Gao, L., Oomah, B.D. 1998. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables and grain products. J. Agricult. and Food Chemi. 468:4113–4117.
Vollmannová, A., Tóth, T., Bystrická, J., Urminská, D. 2008. Polyphenolic compounds of selected pseudocereals in relationship to their protein content and metallic soil burden. In: Proteiny, pp. 227–230.
Wijngaard, H. H., Arendt, E. K. 2006. Buckwheat. Cereal Chem. 83:391–401.
Zdunczyk, Z., Flis, M., Zielinski, H., Wroblewska, M., Antoszkiewicz, Z., Juskiewicz, J. 2006. In vitro antioxidant activities of barley, husked oat, naked oat, triticale and buckwheat wastes and their influence on the growth and biomarkers of antioxidant status in rats. J. Agricult. and Food Chem. 54:4168–4175.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by H. Grausgruber
Rights and permissions
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Bystrická, J., Vollmannová, A., Kupecsek, A. et al. Bioactive Compounds in Different Plant Parts of Various Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Cultivars. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 39, 436–444 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.39.2011.3.13
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.39.2011.3.13