Abstract
In the procerebrum of terrestrial snails, 5-HT is a key modulatory substance of the generation of synchronous oscillatory activity and odor learning capability. In this study, we have analyzed the characteristics of the 5-HT-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) innervation of the distinct anatomical regions of the procerebrum of Helix pomatia, applying correlative light- and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. A dense network of 5-HT-IR innervation was demonstrated in the cell body layer, meanwhile a varicose fiber system of different density occurred in the different neuropil regions. At the ultrastructural level, labeled varicosities were found to contact both procerebral cell bodies, and different unlabeled axon profiles in the neuropils. The labeled structures established mostly close non-specialized membrane contacts with the postsynaptic profiles. The overall dense distribution of 5-HT-IR innervation supports a general modulatory role of 5-HT in processing different olfactory events.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Balog, G., Voronezhskaya, E. E., Hiripi, L., Elekes, K. (2011) Organization of the serotonergic innervation of the feeding (buccal) musculature during the maturation of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis: A morphological and biochemical study. J. Comp. Neurol. 520, 315–329.
Bernocchi, G., Vignola, C., Scherini, E., Necchi, D., Pisu, M. B. (1998) Bioactive peptides and serotonin immunocytochemistry in the cerebral ganglia of hibernating Helix aspersa. J. Exp. Zool. 280, 354–367.
Bullock, T. H., Horridge, G. A. (1965) Structure and function in the nervous system of invertebrates. Freeman and Co., San Francisco.
Chase, R. (2002) Behavior and its neural control in gastropod mollusks. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
Elekes, K., Nässel, D. R. (1990) Distribution of FMRFamide-like immuno-reactive neurons in the central nervous system of the snail Helix pomatia. Cell Tissue Res. 262, 177–190.
Elekes, K., Nässel, D. R. (1994) Tachykinin-related neuropeptides in the central nervous system of the snail, Helix pomatia: an immunocytochemical study. Brain Res. 661, 223–236.
Elekes, K., Hernádi, E., Muhren, E., Nässel, D. R. (1994) Peptidergic neurons in the snail Helix pomatia: distribution of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems that react with an antibody raised to the insect neuropeptide, leucokinin I. J. Comp. Physiol. 341, 257–272.
Gelperin, A., Rhines, L. D., Flores, J., Tank, D. W. (1993) Coherent network oscillations by olfactory interneurons: modulation by endogenous amines. J. Neurophys. 69, 1930–1939.
Gelperin, A. (1999) Oscillatory dynamics and information processing in olfactory systems. J. Exp. Biol. 202, 1855–1864.
Gelperin, A., Tank, D. W. (1990) Odour-modulated collective network oscillations of olfactory interneurons in a terrestrial mollusc. Nature 345, 437–440.
Glanzman, D. L. (2007) Simple minds: The neurobiology of invertebrate learning and memory. In: North, G., Greenspan, R. J. (eds) Invertebrate neurobiology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp. 347–380.
Hiripi, L., Hernádi, L., Ihász, E. K., Fekete, N. Zs., Elekes, K.: Neurochemical organization of the olfactory system in the terrestrial snail, Helix pomatia: correlation between monoamine and cAMP levels and different odor and food stimulation. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: IBRO International Workshop 2010. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.10.00168
Ierusamlimsky, V. N., Balaban, P. M. (2011) Two morphological sub-systems within the olfactory organs of a terrestrial snail. Brain Res. 1326, 68–74.
Inoue, T., Watanabe, S., Kirino, Y. (2001) Serotonin and NO complementarily regulate generation of oscillatory activity in the olfactory CNS of a terrestrial mollusk. J. Neurophysiol. 85, 2634–2638.
Kasai, Y., Watanabe, S., Kirino, Y., Matsuo, R. (2006) The procerebrum is necessary for odor-aversion learning in the terrestrial slug Limax valentianus. Learn. Mem. 13, 482–488.
Kimura, T., Suzuki, H., Kono, E., Sekiguchi, T. (1998) Mapping of interneurons that contribute to food aversive conditioning in the slug brain. Learn. Mem. 4, 376–388.
Kleinfeld, D., Delaney, K. R., Fee, M. S., Flores, J. A., Tank, D. W., Gelperin, A. (1994) Dynamics of propagating waves in the olfactory network of a terrestrial mollusk: an electrical and optical study. J. Neurophys. 72, 1402–1419.
Kobayashi, S., Mariko, H., Ito, E. (2008) The effects of GABA on the network oscillations of the procerebrum in Limax Valentianus. Acta Biol. Hung. 59 (Suppl.), 77–79.
Kobayashi, S., Hattori, M., Elekes, K., Ito, E., Matsuo, R. (2010) FMRFamide regulates oscillatory activity of the olfactory center of the slug. Eur. J. Neurosci. 32, 1180–1192.
Kobayashi, S., Ito, E. (2012) GABAergic effects on the slow oscillatory neural activities in the procerebrum of Limax valentianus. Acta Biol. Hung. 63 (Suppl. 2) 91–95.
Nacsa, K., Elekes, K., Serfőző, Z. (2012) Immunodetection and localization of nitric oxide synthase in the olfactory center of the terrestrial snail, Helix pomatia. Acta Biol. Hung. 63 (Suppl. 2) 104–112.
Nikitin, E., Balaban, P. (2000) Optical recording of odor-evoked responses in the olfactory brain of the naïve and aversively trained terrestrial snails. Learn. Mem. 7, 422–432.
Ratté, S., Chase, R. (2000) Synapse distribution of olfactory interneurons in the procerebrum of the snail Helix aspersa. J. Comp. Neurol. 417, 366–384.
Samarova, E., Balaban, P. (2009) Changes in frequency of spontaneous oscillations in procerebrum correlate to behavioural choice in terrestrial snails. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 3, 8.
Shirahata, T., Tsunoda, M., Santa, T., Kirino, Y., Watanabe, S. (2006) Depletion of serotonin selectively impairs short-term memory without affecting long-term memory in odor learning in the terrestrial slug Limax valentianus. Learn. Mem. 13, 267–270.
Watanabe, S., Kirino, Y., Gelperin, A. (2008) Neural and molecular mechanisms of microcognition in Limax. Learn. Mem. 15, 633–642.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Presented during the 12th ISIN Symposium on Invertebrate Neurobiology, August 31–September 4, 2011, Tihany, Hungary.
Rights and permissions
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Battonyai, I., Elekes, K. The 5-HT Immunoreactive Innervation of the Helix Procerebrum. BIOLOGIA FUTURA 63 (Suppl 2), 96–103 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.63.2012.Suppl.2.13
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.63.2012.Suppl.2.13