Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cattle in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

  • Published:
Acta Parasitologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection and to evaluate risk factors associated with this infection among cattle in the state of Paraiba in northeastern Brazil. Samples of cervicovaginal mucus from 290 females and smegma from 59 males [beef, 31; mixed aptitude (beef and dairy), 10; and dairy, 18] from 31 farms were collected. Modified Diamond’s medium and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the laboratory diagnosis of T. foetus infection. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to test for potential risk factors in addition to prevalence mapping. No sample was positive for T. foetus in culture, and the prevalence of T. foetus infection using PCR was 3.7% (13/349) [confidence interval (CI) 95%, 2.1%–6.4%]. In total, 19.3% (6/31) of the farms had at least one animal positive for T. foetus. The contact of females with males from other farms [Odds ratio, 5.9; 95% CI, 1.5–22.4; p = 0.009] was identified as a risk factor for T. foetus infection. This study demonstrates that T. foetus infection is prevalent among dairy cows in the state of Paraiba, Brazil. Sexual resting, removal of positive females, and avoiding contact of females with males from other farms are recommended to reduce the risk of infection.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bernasconi, C., Bodmer, M., Doherr, M.G., Janett, F., Thomann, A., Spycher C., et al. 2014. Tritrichomonas foetus: Prevalence study in naturally mating bulls in Switzerland. Veterinary Parasitology, 200, 289–294. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho, D.V., Rodrigues A.F.S.F. 2006. Tritrichomonas foetus (Riedmuller, 1928) (Protista, Trichomonadidae) e a implicação na pecuária do Brasil. CES Revista, 6, 113–132. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Felleisen R.S.J., Lambelet, N., Bachmann, P., Nicolet, J., Müller, N., Gottstein B. 1998. Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus by PCR and DNA Enzyme Immunoassay Based on rRNA Gene Unit Sequences. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36, 513–519

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • González-Carmona, L.C., Sánchez-Ladino, M.J., Castañeda-Salazar R., Pulido-Villamarín A.D.P., Guáqueta-Munar, H., Aranda-Silva M., et al. 2012. Determination of presence of Tritrichomonas foetus in uterine lavages from cows with reproductive problems. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 21, 201–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hancock, A.S., Younis, P.J., Beggs, D.S., Mansell, P.D., Pyman M.F. 2015. Infectious reproductive disease pathogens in dairy herd bulls. Australian Veterinary Journal, 93, 349–353. DOI: 10.1111/avj.12369

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosmer, D.W., Lemeshow S. (Eds) 1989. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, pp. 241

    Google Scholar 

  • Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática–SIDRA. Pesquisa Censo Agropecuário 2006. Rio de janeiro. Available from: <http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/bda/tabela/listabl.asp?c=1267&z=t&o=24>. Accessed: 10 Sep. 2016. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Rio de Janeiro. Available from: <https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/territorio#/N6/IN%20N9%2025015>. Accessed: 18 Mar. 2017. (In Portuguese)

  • Jesus V.L.T., Pereira M.J.S., Folhadella, D.S., Alves P.A.M., Goulart I.L. 2003. Características da infecção por Tritrichomonas foetus (Riedmuller, 1928) em rebanhos leiteiros de Rio das Flores, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, 27, 26–32. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Leal, D.R., Fernandes, G.O., Gouveia, F.F., Miranda, K.L., Neves J.P. 2012. Prevalência da campilobacteriose e da tricomonose genitais bovinas no Distrito Federal e em seu entorno. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, 36, 256–259. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mai, H.M., Irons, P.C., Kabir, J., Thompson P.N. 2013. Prevalence of bovine genital campylobacteriosis and trichomonosis of bulls in northern Nigeria. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 55, 56. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-55-56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mardones, F.O., Perez, A.M., Martinez A. and Carpenter T.E. 2008. Risk factors associated with Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef herds in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Veterinary Parasitology, 153, 231–237. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.01.038

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mello M.R. 1954. Dados sobre a incidência de Tricomonose Bovina em alguns Estados do Brasil. Boletim de Inseminação Artificial, 6, 16–23. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza-Ibarra, J.A., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Pedraza-Díaz, S., Rojo-Montejo, S., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., García-Peña, F.J., et al. 2013. Differences in the prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef cattle farmed under extensive conditions in northern Spain. The Veterinary Journal, 196, 547–549. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.10.026

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza-Ibarra, J.A., Pedraza-Díaz, S., García-Peña, F.J., Rojo- Montejo S., Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., San Miguel-Ibáñez, E., et al. 2012. High prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in Asturiana de la Montaña beef cattle kept in extensive conditions in Northern Spain. The Veterinary Journal, 193, 146–151. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.09.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Molina, L., Perea, J., Meglia, G., Angón, E., García A. 2013. Spatial and temporal epidemiology of bovine trichomoniasis and bovine genital campylobacteriosis in La Pampa province (Argentina). Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 110, 388–394. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.02.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhufhi, N., Irons, P.C., Michel, A., Peta F. 2003. Evaluation of a PCR test for the diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in bulls: effects of sample collection method, storage and transport medium on the test. Theriogenology, 60, 1269–1278. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00138-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OIE. 2012. Trichomonosis. In: Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2014. Office International des epizooties. Vol. 1, cap. 2.4.16. Available from: <http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.04.16_TRI CHOMONOSIS.pdf>. Accessed: 11 Apr. 2017

  • Oliveira J.M.B., Silva, G.M., Batista Filho A.F.B., Borges, J.M., Oliveira P.R.F., Brandespim, D.F., et al. 2015. Prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine genital campylobacteriosis and bovine trichomonosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 47, 549–555. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0761-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otte, M.J., Ravenborg, T., Hüttner K. 1995. A pilot study of elevated abortion and stillbirth ratios in cattle in the foothills of the Eastern plains of Colombia. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 22, 103–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paz Júnior, C.J., Almeida H.J.O., Júnior H.A.F., D’alencar, A.S., Galindo M.K.F., Jesus V.L.T., et al. 2010. Frequência de infecção por Tritrichomonas foetus (RIEDMULLER, 1928) em bovinos leiteiros do município de Sanharó–PE. Medicina Veterinária, 4, 6–11. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pegoraro L.M.C., Saalfeld, M.H., Weissheimer, C.F., Vieira A.D. 2009. Manejo Reprodutivo em Bovinos de Leite. Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, BR, pp. 38. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrin A.O, Leite R.C. 2003. Atualização Sobre Tricomonose Genital Bovina. Embrapa, Mato Grosso do Sul, BR, pp. 22. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira-Neves, A., Nascimento, L.F., Benchimol M. 2012. Cytotoxic effects exerted by Tritrichomonas foetus pseudocysts. Protist, 163, 529–543. DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.11.005

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez, E., Conrad, P.A., Hird, D., Ortuno, A., Chacon, J., Bondurant, R., et al. 1992. Prevalence and risk factors for Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cattle in northeastern Costa Rica. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 14, 155–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rae, D.O., Crews, J.E., Greiner, E.C., Donovan G.A. 2004. Epidemiology of Tritrichomonas foetus in beef bull populations in Florida. Theriogenology, 61, 605–618. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00236-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rae, D.O., Crews J.E. 2006. Tritrichomonas foetus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 22, 595–611. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2006.07.001

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rocha, F.S., Jesus V.L.T., Torres, H.M., Gomes M.J.P., Figueiredo M.J. Nascimento E.R. et al. 2009. Investigação de Campylobacter fetus e Tritrichomonas foetus na mucosa prepucial de touros da região do Médio Paraíba, RJ. Ciência Rural, 39, 1586–1589. (In Portuguese)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodning, S.P., Wolfe, D.F., Carson, R.L., Wright, J.C., Stockdale, H.D., Pacoli, M.E., et al. 2008. Prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus in several subpopulations of Alabama beef bulls. Theriogenology, 69, 212–217. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.09.014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silva, A.S., Zanette R.A,, Oliveira, C.B., Gallio, M., Pereira, P.L., Fernandes M.B., et al. 2009. Leptospirose e tritricomonose: isolamento em propriedade com problemas reprodutivos no sul do Brasil. Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da UNIPAR, 12, 87–90. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Spósito Filha, E., Oliveira S.M. 2009. Divulgação técnica: Tricomonose bovina. O Biológico, Sao Paulo, 71, 9–11. (In Portuguese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Szonyi, B., Srinath, I., Schwartz, A., Clavijo, A., Ivanek R. 2012. Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in Texas bulls based on state-wide diagnostic laboratory data. Veterinary Parasitology, 186, 450–455. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.075

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao C. 2013. Diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus-infected bulls, an ultimate approach to eradicate bovine trichomoniasis in US cattle? Journal of Medical Microbiology, 62, 1–9. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.047365-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student from the Graduate Program in Tropical Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dois Irmãos Campus, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, unnumbered, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

    Ruy Brayner Oliveira de Filho

  2. Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Campus II, Center for Agricultural Sciences, University City, Areia, PB, 58397-000, Brazil

    Karla Campos Malta

  3. Student from the Graduate Program in Tropical Animal Science, UFRPE, Dois Irmãos Campus, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, unnumbered, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

    Jonas Melo de Borges, Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira & Glaucia Grazielle Nascimento

  4. UFPB, Campus II, Center for Agricultural Sciences, University City, Areia, PB, 58397-000, Brazil

    Givanildo Jacinto Santos dos Filho

  5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFRPE, Av. Dom Manoel, unnumbered, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

    Rinaldo Aparecido Mota PhD & José Wilton Pinheiro Júnior PhD

Authors
  1. Ruy Brayner Oliveira de Filho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Karla Campos Malta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jonas Melo de Borges
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Givanildo Jacinto Santos dos Filho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Glaucia Grazielle Nascimento
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Rinaldo Aparecido Mota PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. José Wilton Pinheiro Júnior PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ruy Brayner Oliveira de Filho.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

de Filho, R.B.O., Malta, K.C., de Borges, J.M. et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cattle in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Acta Parasit. 63, 346–353 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0039

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0039

Keywords

Search

Navigation