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Prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine genital campylobacteriosis and bovine trichomonosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cows from dairy herds in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. In total, 383 samples of cervico-vaginal mucus were collected from cows on 21 herds in 19 districts. Genomic DNA was extracted from the samples and submitted for polymerase chain reaction analysis. An investigative questionnaire was used to analyze the risk factors, using questions related to reproductive and hygiene/sanitation management. A prevalence of 1.8 % (0.8–3.9 %; confidence interval (CI) 95 %) and 33.4 % (28.7–38.4 %; CI 95 %) was found for C. fetus subsp. venerealis and T. foetus, respectively. In terms of the number of foci, 28.6 % of the herds contained at least one animal that was positive for C. fetus subsp. venerealis and 90.5 % for T. foetus. The present study identified herds larger than 100 animals as a risk factor for bovine genital campylobacteriosis (OR = 7.2; CI 1.3–38.4 %; p = 0.020) and the use of natural breeding as a risk factor for bovine trichomonosis (OR = 2.4; CI 1.1–5.9 %; p = 0.041). In conclusion, C. fetus subsp. venerealis and T. foetus infections occurred in the region studied and high numbers of foci were found. Thus, prophylaxis and control measures, such as diagnosis, separation, and sexual rest for infected females, are suggested. An artificial insemination program with early rigorous sanitary care should be implemented on the properties in order to avoid the spread of agents in the herds.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank CAPES for the Masters scholarship and Dr. Agueda Castagna de Vargas and SALUVET group for providing the control strains of C. fetus subsp. venerealis and T. foetus, respectively.

Ethical aspects

The present study was approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco under protocol number 022/2013.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. Bom Pastor s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, 55296-901, Brazil

    Júnior Mário Baltazar de Oliveira, Gesika Maria da Silva, Antônio Fernando Barbosa Batista Filho, Jonas de Melo Borges, Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira, Daniel Friguglietti Brandespim & José Wilton Pinheiro Jr.

  2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, UFRPE, Rua Dom Manoel s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil

    Rinaldo Aparecido Mota

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  1. Júnior Mário Baltazar de Oliveira
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  2. Gesika Maria da Silva
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  3. Antônio Fernando Barbosa Batista Filho
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  4. Jonas de Melo Borges
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Correspondence to Júnior Mário Baltazar de Oliveira.

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de Oliveira, J.M.B., da Silva, G.M., Filho, A.F.B.B. et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine genital campylobacteriosis and bovine trichomonosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 47, 549–555 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0761-3

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