Abstract
Carotenogenesis of the lactose-negative yeast Rhodotorula rubra GED5 was studied by cocultivation with Kluyveromyces lactis MP11 in whey ultrafiltrate (WU) (35, 50, and 70 g of lactose/L). Maximum yields of cell mass (24.3 g/L) and carotenoids (10.2 mg/L of culture fluid or 0.421 µ g/g of dry cells) were obtained by growing the microbial association in WU (50 g of lactose/L) in a fermentor with an airflow rate of 0.8 L/(L·min), agitation of 220 rpm, and temperature of 30°C. The identified carotenoid pigments—β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin—reached maximum concentrations (133, 26.9, and 222.3 µg/g of dry cells, respectively) on d 5 for torulene and d 6 for β-carotene and torularhodin.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Simpson, K. L. (1983), Proc. Nutr. Soc. 42, 7–17.
Ershov, Y., Dmitrovsky, A., Polulyakh, O., Podoprigova, O., and Bykhovsky, V. (1992), Prikl Biochim. Microbiol. 28, 680–684.
Johnson, E., Villa, T., and Lewis, M. (1980), Aquaculture 20, 123–134.
Johnson, E., Conklin, D., and Lewis, M. (1977), J. Fish. Res. Board Canada 34, 2417–2421.
Johnson, E., Lewis, M., and Grau, C. (1980), Poultry Sci. 59, 1777–1782.
Buzzini, P. and Martini, A. (1999), Bioresour. Technol. 71, 41–44.
Bhosale, P. and Gadre, R. V. (2001), Bioresour. Technol. 76, 53–55.
Martin, A. M., Lu, C., and Patel, T. R. (1993), J. Ferment. Bioeng. 76, 321–325.
Perrier, V., Dubreucq, E., and Gaizy, P. (1995), Arch. Microbiol. 164, 173–179.
Kvasnikov, E. I., Grinberg, T. A., Vaskivnjuk, V. T., Nagornaja, S. S., Sudenko, V. I., and Stelokova, I. F. (1978), Izv ANSSR Seria Biologicheskaja 4, 565–575.
Longo, E., Sieiro, C., Velazguez, J. B., Calo, P., Cansado, J., and Villa, T. G. (1992), Biotech. Forum Europe 9, 565–567.
Meyer, P. S. and Du Preez, J. C. (1994), World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 10, 178–183.
Martin, A. M., Acheampung, E., Patel, T. R., and Chornet, E. (1993), Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 37, 235–341.
Polulyakh, O. V., Podoprigova, O. L., Eliseev, S. A., and Ershov, Y. V. (1991), Appl. Biochem. Microbiol. 27, 411–419.
Simpson, K. L., Nakayama, T. O. M., Patel, T. R., and Clornet, E. (1964), J. Bacteriol. 88, 1688–1694.
Haard, N. (1988), Biotechnol. Lett. 10, 609–614.
Zalashko, M. V. (1990), Biotechnology of Milk Whey Processing, Science Press, Moskow.
Frengova, G., Simova, E., Pavlova, K., Beshkova, D., and Grigorova, D. (1994), Biotechnol. Bioeng. 44, 888–894.
Kreger van Rij, N. J. W. W. (1984), The Yeast: A Taxonomic Study, 3rd ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Simova, E., Gargova, S., Beshkov, M., and Beshkova, D. (1986), in VI Congress of Microbiology, pp. 258–263.
Boehringer Mannheim GmbH Biochemica. (1983), Methods of Enzymatic Food Analysis Using Test Combinations, Mannheim, Germany.
Roger, L., Thapon, J., Maubois, L., and Brule, G. (1976), Lait LIV, 551–554.
Osborne, D. and Voogh, P. (1978), in Methods for the Analysis of Nutrients in Food, Stewart, G., Chichester, C., Hawthorn, J., et al., eds., Academic, London, pp. 113–116.
Roshkova, Z., Simova, E., Beshkova, D., Grigorova, D., and Tjanev, G. (1992), Biotechnol. Bioeng. Eq. 3, 31–35.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Frengova, G., Simova, E. & Beshkova, D. Use of whey ultrafiltrate as a substrate for production of carotenoids by the yeast Rhodotorula rubra . Appl Biochem Biotechnol 112, 133–141 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:112:3:133
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:112:3:133