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FTIR Study of Deuterated Montmorillonites: Structural Features Relevant to Pillared Clay Stability

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Clays and Clay Minerals

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Abstract

FTIR studies of six partially-deuterated montmorillonites (MS) reveal the presence of two O-D stretching bands, one between 2702–2728 cm-1 and another near 2680 cm-1. For homoionic (Li, Na, Mg, Ca, or La) Wyoming-type MS, the position of the higher frequency band, designated as (O-D)h, is between 2714–2728 cm-1, whereas for homoionic Cheto-type MS it is between 2702–2706 cm-1. The lower frequency band, designated as (O-D)1, is in the narrow range of 2674–2684 cm-1. Resolution of two corresponding O-H bands, appearing near 3670 and 3635 cm-1, was observed only after partial dehydroxylation of the smectites. The changes in the relative intensities of the two O-D stretching bands as a function of the smectite type and of the Lewis acidity (charge density) of the exchangeable ion were determined. For Wyoming-type MS, the intensity of the (O-D)h band is much lower than that of the (O-D)l band, whereas for Cheto-type MS, the intensity of the (O-D)h band is about equal or slightly higher than that of the (O-D)l band. The observed resolution can be ascribed tentatively to the presence of (at least) two types of octahedral OH groups in the smectites, the (O-D)h band being assigned to AlMgOH and the (O-D)1 band to AlAlOH groups. Pillaring of Cheto-type MS with hydroxy-Al13 oligocations resulted in products showing much higher thermal stability between 400–600°C compared to that of identically pillared Wyoming-type MS. Compositional and other factors, e.g., CEC values and mode of pillaring, may cause this difference in stability.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-1183, USA

    Krishna Bukka & J. D. Miller

  2. Department of Fuels Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-1183, USA

    Joseph Shabtai

Authors
  1. Krishna Bukka
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  2. J. D. Miller
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  3. Joseph Shabtai
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Bukka, K., Miller, J.D. & Shabtai, J. FTIR Study of Deuterated Montmorillonites: Structural Features Relevant to Pillared Clay Stability. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 92–102 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1992.0400110

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1992.0400110

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