Abstract
Background
Previous study indicated that PS-341 induces cell death via JNK pathway in vitro in glioma. However, suppressing proteasome complex by PS-341 may induce expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), which confer potential protection against cellular stress. In this study, we explored whether induction of HSPs could impair PS-341-induced cell death and whether inhibition of HSPs could enhance cell damage induced by PS-341 in glioma cells.
Methods
HSP expression in glioma cells was modulated by HSP inhibitor, sublethal heat, or knockdown of heat shock factor1 (HSF1), then PS-341-induced cell damage was examined by different methods. Similar experiments were also performed in HSF1+/+ and HSF1–/– cells. HSP70 expression and HSF1 nuclear localization were compared between glioma and normal brain tissues.
Results
HSP level was upregulated mediated by HSF1 when glioma cells were treated with PS-341. PS-341-mediated cell damage could be significantly augmented by HSP inhibition. Furthermore, HSP70 expression and HSF1 nuclear localization were much more abundant in gliomas than in normal brain tissues.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that HSP70 impaired cell death induced by PS-341 in glioma cells. Administration of PS-341 in combination with either HSP70 inhibitor or HSF1 knockdown may act as a new approach to treatment of glioma.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nishikawa R (2010) Standard therapy for glioblastoma–a review of where we are. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 50(9):713–9.
Stupp R, Hegi ME, et al. (2009) Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol 10(5):459–66.
Stupp R, Mason WP, et al. (2005) Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 352(10):987–96.
Fulda S, Wick W, et al. (2002) Smac agonists sensitize for Apo2L/TRAIL-or anticancer drug-induced apoptosis and induce regression of malignant glioma in vivo. Nat Med 8(8):808–15.
Demartino GN, Gillette TG (2007) Proteasomes: machines for all reasons. Cell 129(4):659–62.
Almond JB, Cohen GM (2002) The proteasome: a novel target for cancer chemotherapy. Leukemia 16(4):433–43.
Adams J (2002) Proteasome inhibitors as new anticancer drugs. Curr Opin Oncol 14(6):628–34.
Yang Y, Kitagaki J, et al. (2009) Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system for cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 100(1):24–8.
Adams J (2002) Preclinical and clinical evaluation of proteasome inhibitor PS-341 for the treatment of cancer. Curr Opin Chem Biol 6(4):493–500.
Adams J, Palombella VJ, et al. (1999) Proteasome inhibitors: a novel class of potent and effective antitumor agents. Cancer Res 59(11):2615–22.
Ling YH, Liebes L, et al. (2003) Mechanisms of proteasome inhibitor PS-341-induced G(2)-M-phase arrest and apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Clin Cancer Res 9(3):1145–54.
Yeung BH, Huang DC, et al. (2006) PS-341 (bortezomib) induces lysosomal cathepsin B release and a caspase-2-dependent mitochondrial permeabilization and apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. J Biol Chem 281(17):11923–32.
Nawrocki ST, Bruns CJ, et al. (2002) Effects of the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 on apoptosis and angiogenesis in orthotopic human pancreatic tumor xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 1(14):1243–53.
Yin D, Zhou H, et al. (2005) Proteasome inhibitor PS-341 causes cell growth arrest and apoptosis in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Oncogene 24(3):344–54.
Bross PF, Kane R, et al. (2004) Approval summary for bortezomib for injection in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 10(12 Pt 1):3954–64.
Phuphanich S, Supko JG, et al. (2010) Phase 1 clinical trial of bortezomib in adults with recurrent malignant glioma. J Neurooncol 100(1):95–103.
Roue G, Perez-Galan P, et al. (2011) The Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-504 overcomes bortezomib resistance in mantle cell lymphoma in vitro and in vivo by down-regulation of the prosurvival ER chaperone BiP/Grp78. Blood 117(4):1270–9.
Hayashi S, Yamamoto M, et al. (2001) Expression of nuclear factor-kappa B, tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1, and c-Myc in human astrocytomas. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 41(4):187–95.
Koschny R, Holland H, et al. (2007) Bortezomib sensitizes primary human astrocytoma cells of WHO grades I to IV for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res 13(11):3403–12.
Tianhu Z, Shiguang Z, et al. (2010) Bmf is upregulated by PS-341-mediated cell death of glioma cells through JNK phosphorylation. Mol Biol Rep 37(3):1211–9.
Mitsiades N, Mitsiades CS, et al. (2002) Molecular sequelae of proteasome inhibition in human multiple myeloma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99(22):14374–9.
Morimoto RI, Kline MP, et al. (1997) The heat-shock response: regulation and function of heat-shock proteins and molecular chaperones. Essays Biochem 32:17–29.
Koishi M, Yokota S, et al. (2001) The effects of KNK437, a novel inhibitor of heat shock protein synthesis, on the acquisition of thermotolerance in a murine transplantable tumor in vivo. Clin Cancer Res 7(1):215–9.
Drexler HC (1997) Activation of the cell death program by inhibition of proteasome function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94(3):855–60.
Masdehors P, Omura S, Merle-Béral H, et al. (1999) Increased sensitivity of CLL-derived lymphocytes to apoptotic death activation by the proteasome-specific inhibitor lactacystin. Br J Haematol 105(3):752–7.
Richardson PG, Mitsiades C (2005) Bortezomib: proteasome inhibition as an effective anticancer therapy. Future Oncol 1(2):161–71.
Badros A, Burger AM, et al. (2009) Phase I study of vorinostat in combination with bortezomib for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 15(16):5250–7.
Saha MN, Jiang H, et al. (2010) MDM2 antagonist nutlin plus proteasome inhibitor velcade combination displays a synergistic anti-myeloma activity. Cancer Biol Ther 9(11):936–44.
Meister S, Frey B, et al. (2010) Calcium channel blocker verapamil enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death induced by proteasome inhibition in myeloma cells. Neoplasia 12(7):550–61.
Young JT, Heikkila JJ (2010) Proteasome inhibition induces hsp30 and hsp70 gene expression as well as the acquisition of thermotolerance in Xenopus laevis A6 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 15(3):323–34.
Sarkozi R, Perco P, et al. (2008) Bortezomib-induced survival signals and genes in human proximal tubular cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 327(3):645–56.
Park HS, Lee JS, et al. (2001) Hsp72 functions as a natural inhibitory protein of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. EMBO J 20(3):446–56.
Meriin AB, Yaglom JA, et al. (1999) Protein-damaging stresses activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase via inhibition of its dephosphorylation: a novel pathway controlled by HSP72. Mol Cell Biol 19(4):2547–55.
Acknowledgment
This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China (30901533 to LY and 30973078 to ZS) and Science Foundation for Youth Scholars of Ministry of Education of China (20102307120001 to LY).
Conflict of interest
This study has no commercial interests. No financial or material support was received from any commercial source directly or indirectly related to the scientific work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Yaohua Liu, Tianhu Zheng and Shiguang Zhao contributed equally to this work.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, Y., Zheng, T., Zhao, S. et al. Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein Response Enhances PS-341-Mediated Glioma Cell Death. Ann Surg Oncol 19 (Suppl 3), 421–429 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1881-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1881-2