Correction to: Earth, Planets and Space (2021) 73:41 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-021–01370-y

After the publication (Hori et al. 2021), we found a mistake in calculation of the Green’s functions for the Nankai Trough region: the plate convergence direction was incorrectly set. Revised Figs. 5a and 6 shows the results based on the correct simulation setting. Figure 5b does not change from the original publication. Because the norm of the estimated slip deficit rate (SDR) is independent of the choice of coordinate of the fault slip in the inversion formulation used in our study, we only see apparent change in the arrows denoting the direction of SDR in Fig. 6. The change of the results does not affect the discussion in the main text.

Fig. 5
figure 5

Examples of GF calculated based on FE modeling. a A unit slip and its response displacement in the direction opposite to the plate convergence in Nankai Trough and b one in the direction perpendicular to the plate convergence in the Japan Trench subduction zone. Note that unit slip in the location beyond the trench or trough axis is set forcibly zero in a. Gray dots denote the central point of B-spline function shaped slip applied in a subfault. The color map shows slip distribution. The black arrows denote the horizontal (top) and vertical (bottom) surface displacements due to the fault slip. The white arrows denote fault slip directions

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Fig. 6
figure 6

SDR distribution estimated using the GF library. a Color contour and vectors of estimated SDR. The white dots denote the location of the observation. b Comparison of observed and calculated velocity in the observation stations. Dotted contour lines denote the norm of the estimated SDR

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The original article has been updated.