Wendelboe AM, McCumber M, Hylek EM, Buller H, Weitz JI, Raskob G. Global public awareness of venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(8):1365–71.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Raffini L, Huang YS, Witmer C, Feudtner C. Dramatic increase in venous thromboembolism in children’s hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007. Pediatrics. 2009;124(4):1001–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Streif W, Andrew M, Marzinotto V, Massicotte P, Chan AK, Julian JA, Mitchell L. Analysis of warfarin therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study of 319 patients. Blood. 1999;94(9):3007–14.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Monagle P, Chalmers E, Chan A, DeVeber G, Kirkham F, Massicotte P, Michelson AD. Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th edition). Chest. 2008;133(6 Suppl):887S–968S.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Monagle P, Newall F, Campbell J. Anticoagulation in neonates and children: pitfalls and dilemmas. Blood Rev. 2010;24(4–5):151–62.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Oake N, Jennings A, Forster AJ, Fergusson D, Doucette S, van Walraven C. Anticoagulation intensity and outcomes among patients prescribed oral anticoagulant therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2008;179(3):235–44.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosove MH, Brewer PM. Antiphospholipid thrombosis: clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117(4):303–8.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jonas DE, McLeod HL. Genetic and clinical factors relating to warfarin dosing. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009;30(7):375–86.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kamali F, Wynne H. Pharmacogenetics of warfarin. Annu Rev Med. 2010;61:63–75.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang L, McLeod HL, Weinshilboum RM. Genomics and drug response. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(12):1144–53.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
O’Reilly RA. Warfarin metabolism and drug-drug interactions. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1987;214:205–12.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rieder MJ, Reiner AP, Gage BF, Nickerson DA, Eby CS, McLeod HL, Blough DK, Thummel KE, Veenstra DL, Rettie AE. Effect of VKORC1 haplotypes on transcriptional regulation and warfarin dose. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(22):2285–93.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Klein TE, Altman RB, Eriksson N, Gage BF, Kimmel SE, Lee MT, Limdi NA, Page D, Roden DM, Wagner MJ, et al. Estimation of the warfarin dose with clinical and pharmacogenetic data. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(8):753–64.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Li C, Schwarz UI, Ritchie MD, Roden DM, Stein CM, Kurnik D. Relative contribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and early INR response to the prediction of warfarin sensitivity during initiation of therapy. Blood. 2009;113(17):3925–30.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zambon CF, Pengo V, Padrini R, Basso D, Schiavon S, Fogar P, Nisi A, Frigo AC, Moz S, Pelloso M, et al. VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 genetic-based algorithm for warfarin dosing: an Italian retrospective study. Pharmacogenomics. 2011;12(1):15–25.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bodin L, Verstuyft C, Tregouet DA, Robert A, Dubert L, Funck-Brentano C, Jaillon P, Beaune P, Laurent-Puig P, Becquemont L, et al. Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) genotypes as determinants of acenocoumarol sensitivity. Blood. 2005;106(1):135–40.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wadelius M, Chen LY, Lindh JD, Eriksson N, Ghori MJ, Bumpstead S, Holm L, McGinnis R, Rane A, Deloukas P. The largest prospective warfarin-treated cohort supports genetic forecasting. Blood. 2009;113(4):784–92.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sconce EA, Khan TI, Wynne HA, Avery P, Monkhouse L, King BP, Wood P, Kesteven P, Daly AK, Kamali F. The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements: proposal for a new dosing regimen. Blood. 2005;106(7):2329–33.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liang R, Wang C, Zhao H, Huang J, Hu D, Sun Y. Influence of CYP4F2 genotype on warfarin dose requirement—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Res. 2012;130(1):38–44.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gage BF, Lesko LJ. Pharmacogenetics of warfarin: regulatory, scientific, and clinical issues. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2008;25(1):45–51.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Johnson JA, Gong L, Whirl-Carrillo M, Gage BF, Scott SA, Stein CM, Anderson JL, Kimmel SE, Lee MT, Pirmohamed M, et al. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and warfarin dosing. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011;90(4):625–9.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nowak-Gottl U, Dietrich K, Schaffranek D, Eldin NS, Yasui Y, Geisen C, Mitchell LG. In pediatric patients, age has more impact on dosing of vitamin K antagonists than VKORC1 or CYP2C9 genotypes. Blood. 2010;116(26):6101–5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Biss TT, Avery PJ, Brandao LR, Chalmers EA, Williams MD, Grainger JD, Leathart JB, Hanley JP, Daly AK, Kamali F. VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotype and patient characteristics explain a large proportion of the variability in warfarin dose requirement among children. Blood. 2012;119(3):868–73.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moreau C, Bajolle F, Siguret V, Lasne D, Golmard JL, Elie C, Beaune P, Cheurfi R, Bonnet D, Loriot MA. Vitamin K antagonists in children with heart disease: height and VKORC1 genotype are the main determinants of the warfarin dose requirement. Blood. 2012;119(3):861–7.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kato Y, Ichida F, Saito K, Watanabe K, Hirono K, Miyawaki T, Yoshimura N, Horiuchi I, Taguchi M, Hashimoto Y. Effect of the VKORC1 genotype on warfarin dose requirements in Japanese pediatric patients. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 2011;26(3):295–9.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hirai K, Hayashi H, Ono Y, Izumiya K, Tanaka M, Suzuki T, Sakamoto T, Itoh K. Influence of CYP4F2 polymorphisms and plasma vitamin K levels on warfarin sensitivity in Japanese pediatric patients. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2013;28(2):132–7.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nguyen N, Anley P, Yu MY, Zhang G, Thompson AA, Jennings LJ. Genetic and clinical determinants influencing warfarin dosing in children with heart disease. Pediatr Cardiol. 2013;34(4):984–90.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shaw K, Amstutz U, Hildebrand C, Rassekh SR, Hosking M, Neville K, Leeder JS, Hayden MR, Ross CJ, Carleton BC. VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes are predictors of warfarin-related outcomes in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(6):1055–62.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vear SI, Ayers GD, Van Driest SL, Sidonio RF, Stein CM, Ho RH. The impact of age and CYP2C9 and VKORC1 variants on stable warfarin dose in the paediatric population. Br J Haematol. 2014;165(6):832–5.
CAS
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kamal El-Din MA, Farhan MS, El Shiha RI, El-Kaffas RM, Mousa SM. Frequency of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene polymorphisms and their influence on warfarin dose in Egyptian pediatric patients. Paediatr Drugs. 2014;16(4):337–41.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 5.1.0. http://handbook.cochrane.org/. Accessed 15 Jan 2015.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62(10):1006–12.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Flockhart DA, O’Kane D, Williams MS, Watson MS, Flockhart DA, Gage B, Gandolfi R, King R, Lyon E, Nussbaum R et al. Pharmacogenetic testing of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 alleles for warfarin. Genet Med. 2008;10(2):139–50.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic reviews. 2015;4:1.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality if nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.htm. Accessed 14 Jan 2015.
Little J, Higgins JP, Ioannidis JP, Moher D, Gagnon F, von Elm E, Khoury MJ, Cohen B, Davey-Smith G, Grimshaw J, et al. Strengthening the reporting of genetic association studies (STREGA): an extension of the STROBE statement. Eur J Epidemiol. 2009;24(1):37–55.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int J Surg. 2014;12(12):1495–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I. Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2005;5:13.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7(3):177–88.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software ‘EZR’ for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(3):452–8.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Montori V, Vist G, Kunz R, Brozek J, Alonso-Coello P, Djulbegovic B, Atkins D, Falck-Ytter Y, et al. GRADE guidelines: 5. Rating the quality of evidence—publication bias. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(12):1277–82.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhang J, Tian L, Zhang Y, Shen J. The influence of VKORC1 gene polymorphism on warfarin maintenance dosage in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Res. 2015;136(5):955–61.
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar