Ali EN, Muyibi SA, Salleh HM, Alam MZ, Salleh MRM: Production of natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seed for application in treatment of low turbidity water. J Water Resour Protect 2010, 2: 259–266. 10.4236/jwarp.2010.23030
CAS
Google Scholar
Al-Malah K, Azzam MOJ, Abu-Lail NI: Olive mills effluent (OME) wastewater post-treatment using activated clay. Sep Purif Technol 2000, 20: 225–234. 10.1016/S1383-5866(00)00114-3
CAS
Google Scholar
Amagloh FK, Benang A: Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification. Afr J Agric Res 2009, 4: 119–123.
Google Scholar
Annachhatre AP, Amatya PL: UASB treatment of tapioca starch wastewater. J Environ Eng-ASCE 2000, 126: 1149–1152. 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2000)126:12(1149)
CAS
Google Scholar
Antony A, Bassendeh M, Richardson D, Aquilina S, Hodgkinson A, Law I, Leslie G: Diagnosis of dissolved organic matter removal by GAC treatment in biologically treated papermill effluents using advanced organic characterisation techniques. Chemosphere 2012, 86: 829–836. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.11.059
CAS
Google Scholar
APHA: Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Washington DC: American Technical Publisher; 2005.
Google Scholar
Ashmawy MA, Moussa MS, Ghoneim AK, Tammam A: Enhancing the efficiency of primary sedimentation in wastewater treatment plants with the application of Moringa oliefera seeds and quicklime. J Am Sci 2012, 8: 494–502.
Google Scholar
Ayotunde EO, Fagbenro OA, Adebayo OT: Toxicity of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seed powder to Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (LINNEI779), fingerlings. Int Res J Agric Sci Soil Sci 2011, 1: 142–150.
Google Scholar
Balagopalan C, Rajalaksmy L: Cyanogen accumulation in environment during processing of cassava ( Manihot esculenta crantz) for starch and sago. Water Air Soil Pollut 1998, 102: 407–413. 10.1023/A:1004992611810
CAS
Google Scholar
Bansode RR, Losso JN, Marshall WE, Rao RM, Portier RJ: Pecan shell-based granular activated carbon for treatment of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in municipal wastewater. Bioresour Technol 2004, 94: 129–135. 10.1016/j.biortech.2003.12.009
CAS
Google Scholar
Bhatia S, Othman Z, Ahmad AL: Palm oil mill effluent pretreatment using Moringa oleifera seeds as an environmentally friendly coagulant: laboratory and pilot plant studies. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2006, 81: 1852–1858. 10.1002/jctb.1619
CAS
Google Scholar
Bhatia S, Othman Z, Ahmad AL: Coagulation–flocculation process for POME treatment using Moringa oleifera seeds extract: optimization studies. Chem Eng J 2007, 133: 205–212. 10.1016/j.cej.2007.01.034
CAS
Google Scholar
Bhuptawat H, Folkard GK, Chaudhari S: Innovative physico-chemical treatment of wastewater incorporating Moringa oleifera seed coagulant. J Hazard Mater 2007, 142: 477–482. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.08.044
CAS
Google Scholar
Bina B, Mehdinejad MH, Dalhammer G, Rajarao G, Nikaeen M, Attar HM: Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera coagulant protein as natural coagulant aid in removal of turbidity and bacteria from turbid waters. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 2010, 43: 618–620.
Google Scholar
Broin M, Santaella C, Cuine S, Kokou K, Peltier G, Joët T: Flocculent activity of a recombinant protein from Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2002, 60: 114–119. 10.1007/s00253-002-1106-5
CAS
Google Scholar
Caro J, Noack M: Zeolite membranes–recent developments and progress. Micropor Mesopor Mat 2008, 115: 215–233. 10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.03.008
CAS
Google Scholar
Chamarro E, Marco A, Esplugas S: Use of fenton reagent to improve organic chemical biodegradability. Water Res 2001, 35: 1047–1051. 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00342-0
CAS
Google Scholar
Chang N-B, Wanielista M, Daranpob A: Filter media for nutrient removal in natural systems and build environments: II-design and application challer. Environ Eng Sci 2010, 27: 707–720. 10.1089/ees.2010.0229
CAS
Google Scholar
Chaudhuri M, Khairuldin PSAB: Coagulation-clarification of turbid coloured water by natural coagulant ( Moringa oleifera ) seed extract. Nat Environ Pollut Technol 2009, 8: 137–139.
CAS
Google Scholar
Chavalparit O, Ongwandee M: Clean technology for the tapioca starch industry in Thailand. J Clean Prod 2009, 17: 105–110. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.03.001
CAS
Google Scholar
Chiemchaisri W, Chiemchaisri C, Dumrongsukit C, Threedeach S, Ngo HH, Vigneswaran S: Removal of water-borne microorganisms in floating media filter-microfiltration system for water treatment. Bioresour Technol 2011, 102: 5438–5443. 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.042
CAS
Google Scholar
Choi K-J, Kim S-G, Kim S-H: Removal of antibiotics by coagulation and granular activated carbon filtration. J Hazard Mater 2008, 151: 38–43. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.05.059
CAS
Google Scholar
Colin XF, Rojas JL, Alazard DO: Anaerobic treatment of cassava starch extraction wastewater using a horizontal flow filter with bamboo as support. Bioresour Technol 2007, 98: 1602–1607. 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.06.020
CAS
Google Scholar
Dialynas E, Diamadopoulos E: Integration of immersed membrane ultrafiltration with coagulation and activated carbon adsorption for advanced treatment of municipal wastewater. Desalination 2008, 230: 113–127. 10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.020
CAS
Google Scholar
Agency EP: Water treatment manuals: filtration. Ireland: Environmental Protection Agency; 1995.
Google Scholar
Fahey JW: Moringa oleifera : a review of the medical evidence for its nutritional, therapeutic, and prophylactic properties. Part 1. Trees for Life J 2005, 1: 1–15.
Google Scholar
Ferreira RS, Napoleão TH, Santos AFS, Sá RA, Carneiro-da-Cunha MG, Morais MMC, Silva-Lucca RA, Oliva MLV, Coelho LCBB, Paiv PMG: Coagulant and antibacterial activities of the water-soluble seed lectin from Moringa oleifera . Lett Appl Microbiol 2011, 53: 186–192. 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2011.03089.x
CAS
Google Scholar
Frankel RJ: Operation of the coconut fiber/burnt rice husks filter for supplying drinking water to rural communities in Southeast Asia. Am J Public Health 1979, 69: 75–76. 10.2105/AJPH.69.1.75
CAS
Google Scholar
García-Fayos B, Arnal JM, Verdú G, Rodrigo I: Purification of a natural coagulant extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds: isolation and characterisation of the active compound. Paper presented at international conference on food innovation. Spain: Universidad Politecnica de Valencia; 2010.
Google Scholar
Ghebremichael KA, Gunaratna KR, Henriksson H, Brumer H, Dalhammar G: A simple purification and activity assay of the coagulant protein from Moringa oleifera seed. Water Res 2005, 39: 2338–2344. 10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.012
CAS
Google Scholar
Gopal R, Kaur S, Feng CY, Chan C, Ramakrishna S, Tabe S, Matsuura T: Electrospun nanofibrous polysulfone membranes as pre-filters: particulate removal. J Membrane Sci 2007, 289: 210–219. 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.11.056
CAS
Google Scholar
Gray NF: Biology of wastewater treatment. London: Imperial College Press; 2004.
Google Scholar
Gunes K, Tuncsiper B: A serially connected sand filtration and constructed wetland system for small community wastewater treatment. Ecol Eng 2009, 35: 1208–1215. 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.03.023
Google Scholar
Gur-Reznik S, Katz I, Dosoretz CG: Removal of dissolved organic matter by granular-activated carbon adsorption as a pretreatment to reverse osmosis of membrane bioreactor effluents. Water Res 2008, 42: 1595–1605. 10.1016/j.watres.2007.10.004
CAS
Google Scholar
Hagman M, Lansen JlaC: Oxygen uptake rate measurements for application at wastewater treatment plants. VATTEN 2007, 63: 131–138.
CAS
Google Scholar
Hamoda MF, Al-Ghusain I, Al-Mutairi NZ: Sand filtration of wastewater for tertiary treatment and water reuse. Desalination 2004, 164: 203–211. 10.1016/S0011-9164(04)00189-4
CAS
Google Scholar
Hatt BE, Fletcher TD, Deletic A: Treatment performance of gravel filter media: implications for design and application of stormwater infiltration systems. Water Res 2007, 41: 2513–2524. 10.1016/j.watres.2007.03.014
CAS
Google Scholar
He S-B, Xue G, Kong H-N: The performance of BAF using natural zeolite as filter media under conditions of low temperature and ammonium shock load. J Hazard Mater 2007, 143: 291–295. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.09.024
CAS
Google Scholar
Hidayat N, Suhartini S, Widiatmono BR: The performance of natural filter in treating tapioca wastewater with and without aeration. J Agric Food Technol 2011, 1: 204–211.
Google Scholar
Hien PG, Oanh LTK, Viet NT, Lettinga G: Closed wastewater system in the tapioca industry in Vietnam. Water Sci Technol 1999, 39: 89–96.
Google Scholar
Hollender J, Zimmermann SG, Koepke S, Krauss M, McArdell CS, Ort C, Singer H, Uv G, Siegrist H: Elimination of organic micropollutants in a municipal wastewater treatment plant upgraded with a full-scale post-ozonation followed by sand filtration. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43: 7862–7869. 10.1021/es9014629
CAS
Google Scholar
Jahn SAA: Proper use of african natural coagulant for rural water supplies-research in the Sudan and guide to new project. Eschborn-Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit; 1986.
Google Scholar
Jerri HA, Adolfsen KJ, McCullough LR, Velegol D, Velegol SB: Antimicrobial sand via adsorption of cationic Moringa oleifera protein. Langmuir 2012, 28: 2262–2268. 10.1021/la2038262
CAS
Google Scholar
Kaewkannetra P, Chiwes W, Chiu TY: Treatment of cassava mill wastewater and production of electricity through microbial fuel cell technology. Fuel 2011, 90: 2746–2750. 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.03.031
CAS
Google Scholar
Kaewkannetra P, Imai T, Garcia-Garcia FJ, Chiu TY: Cyanide removal from cassava mill wastewater using Azotobactor vinelandii TISTR 1094 with mixed microorganisms in activated sludge treatment system. J Hazard Mater 2009, 172: 224–228. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.162
CAS
Google Scholar
Kang YW, Mancl KM, Tuovinen OH: Treatment of turkey processing wastewater with sand filtration. Bioresour Technol 2007, 98: 1460–1466. 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.03.006
CAS
Google Scholar
Katayon S, Johari MMNM, Ghani LAA: Preservation of coagulant efficiency of Moringa oleifera, a natural coagulant. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 2006, 11: 489–495. 10.1007/BF02932072
CAS
Google Scholar
Kavitha C, Ramesh M, Kumaran SS, Lakshmi SA: Toxicity of Moringa oleifera seed extract on some hematological and biochemical profiles in a freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio . Exp Toxicol Pathol 2012, 64: 681–687. 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.001
CAS
Google Scholar
Kawo AH, Daneji IA: Bacteriological and physcio–chemical evaluation of water treated with seed powder of Moringa oleifera Lam. Bayero J Pure Appl Sci 2011, 4: 208–212.
Google Scholar
Kwaambwa HM, Maikokera R: A fluorescence spectroscopic study of a coagulating protein extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds. Colloid Surface B 2007, 60: 213–220. 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.015
CAS
Google Scholar
Kim R-H, Lee S, Jeong J, Lee J-H, Kim Y-K: Reuse of greywater and rainwater using fiber filter media and metal membrane. Desalination 2007, 202: 326–332. 10.1016/j.desal.2005.12.071
CAS
Google Scholar
Luanmanee S, Boonsook P, Attanandana T, Wakatsuki T: Effect of organic components and aeration regimes on the efficiency of a multi-soil-layering system for domestic wastewater treatment. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 2002, 48: 125–134. 10.1080/00380768.2002.10409182
Google Scholar
Lee CC, Lin SD: Handbook of environmental engineering calculations. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2000.
Google Scholar
Li A-J, Li X-Y, Yu H-Q: Granular activated carbon for aerobic sludge granulation in a bioreactor with a low-strength wastewater influent. Sep Purif Technol 2011, 80: 276–283. 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.05.006
CAS
Google Scholar
Li W-W, Wang Y-K, Sheng G-P, Gui Y-X, Yu L, Xie T-Q, Yu H-Q: Integration of aerobic granular sludge and mesh filter membrane bioreactor for cost-effective wastewater treatment. Bioresour Technol 2012, 122: 22–26.
CAS
Google Scholar
Logsdon GS: Filter maintenance and operations guidance manual. Denver: AWWA Research Foundation and American Water Works Association; 2002.
Google Scholar
Madrona GS, Branco IG, Seolin VJ, BdAA F, Fagundes-Klen MR, Bergamasco R: Evaluation of extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam seeds obtained with NaCl and their effects on water treatment. Acta Sci-Technol 2012, 34: 289–293.
CAS
Google Scholar
Mangale SM, Chonde SG, Jadhav AS, Raut PD: Study of Moringa oleifera (drumstick) seed as natural absorbent and antimicrobial agent for river water treatment. J Nat Prod Plant Resour 2012, 2: 89–100.
CAS
Google Scholar
Mažeikiene A, Valentukevičiene M, Jankauskas J: Laboratory study of ammonium ion removal by using zeolite (clinoptilolite) to treat drinking water. J Environ Eng Landscape Manage 2010, 18: 54–61. 10.3846/jeelm.2010.07
Google Scholar
Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia: The Minister of Environment Decree No. 51/1995 on the standard discharge of industrial wastewater. 1995.
Google Scholar
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia: Regulation of the Minister of Health No: 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 on the requirements and supervision over the quality of water. 1990.
Google Scholar
Nandy T, Kaul SN, Sekhar VSS: Waste management in the tapioca based starch industry. Int J Environ Stud 1995, 48: 81–96. 10.1080/00207239508710980
Google Scholar
Ndabigengesere A, Narasiah KS: Quality of water treated by coagulation using Moringa oleifera seeds. Water Res 1998, 32: 781–791. 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00295-9
CAS
Google Scholar
Ndabigengesere A, Narasiah KS, Talbot BG: Active agents and mechanism of coagulation of turbid waters using Moringa oleifera . Water Res 1995, 29: 703–710. 10.1016/0043-1354(94)00161-Y
CAS
Google Scholar
Nkhata D: Moringa as an alternative to aluminium sulphate. Paper presented at 27th WEDC conference: people and system for water, sanitation and health. Lusaka, Zambia; 2001.
Google Scholar
Nkurunziza T, Nduwayezu JB, Banadda EN, Nhapi I: The effect of turbidity levels and Moringa oleifera concentration on the effectiveness of coagulation in water treatment. Water Sci Technol 2009, 59: 1551–1558. 10.2166/wst.2009.155
CAS
Google Scholar
Nkwonta O: A comparison of horizontal roughing filters and vertical roughing filters in wastewater treatment using gravel as a filter media. Int J Phys Sci 2010, 5: 1240–1247.
CAS
Google Scholar
Nkwonta O, Ochieng G: Roughing filter for water pre-treatment technology in developing countries: a review. Int J Phys Sci 2009, 4: 455–463.
CAS
Google Scholar
Nkwonta OI, Ochieng GM: Total dissolved solids removal in wastewater using roughing filters. Chem Sci J 2010, 6: 1–6.
Google Scholar
Okuda T, Baes AU, Nishijima W, Okada M: Improvement of extraction method of coagulation active components from Moringa oleifera seed. Water Res 1999, 33: 3373–3378. 10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00046-9
CAS
Google Scholar
Okuda T, Baes AU, Nishijimam W, Okada M: Coagulation mechanism of salt solution- extracted active component in Moringa oleifera seeds. Water Res 2001, 35: 830–834. 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00296-7
CAS
Google Scholar
Oluduro AO, Aderiye BI: Effect of Moringa oleifera seed extract on vital organs and tissue enzymes activities of male albino rats. Afr J Microbiol Res 2009, 3: 537–540.
Google Scholar
Olukanni DO, Agunwamba JC, Abalogu RU: Interaction between suspended and settled solid particles in cassava wastewater. Sci Res Essay 2013, 8: 414–424.
CAS
Google Scholar
Othman Z, Bhatia S, Ahmad AL: Influence of the settleability parameters for palm oil mill effluent (POME) pretreatment by using Moringa oleifera seeds as an environmental friendly coagulant. Paper presented at international conference on environment 2008 (ICENV 2008). Penang, Malaysia; 2008.
Google Scholar
Oyanedel-Craver VA, Smith JA: Sustainable colloidal-silver-impregnated ceramic filter for point-of-use water treatment. Environ Sci Technol 2008, 42: 927–933. 10.1021/es071268u
CAS
Google Scholar
Penn MR, Pauer JJ, Mihelcic JR: Biochemical oxygen demand. In Environmental and ecological chemistry, vol 2. Edited by: Sabljic A. Isle of Man, UK: UNESCO-EOLSS; 2009:278.
Google Scholar
Pollard SJT, Thompson FE, McConnachie GL: Microporous carbons from Moringa oleifera husks for water purification in less developed countries. Water Res 1995, 29: 337–347. 10.1016/0043-1354(94)E0103-D
CAS
Google Scholar
Qiu L, Zhang S, Wang G, Ma D: Performances and nitrification properties of biological aerated filters with zeolite, ceramic particle and carbonate media. Bioresour Technol 2010, 101: 7245–7251. 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.034
CAS
Google Scholar
Racho P, Jindal R, Wichitsathian B: Posttreatment of UASB effluents of tapioca starch wastewater using downflow hanging sponge system. J Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste 2012, 16: 9–17. 10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000098
CAS
Google Scholar
Radojević M, Bashkin NV: Practical environmental analysis. London: The Royal Society of Chemistry; 1999.
Google Scholar
Radwan RH, Ramanujam II: Organic reduction of tapioca wastewaters using modified RBC. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 1996, 14: 125–129. 10.1007/BF00369429
CAS
Google Scholar
Rajbhandari BK, Annachhatre AP: Anaerobic ponds treatment of starch wastewater: case study in Thailand. Bioresour Technol 2004, 95: 135–143. 10.1016/j.biortech.2004.01.017
CAS
Google Scholar
Riahi K, Mammou AB, Thayer BB: Date-palm fibers media filters as a potential technology for tertiary domestic wastewater treatment. J Hazard Mater 2009, 161: 608–613. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.013
CAS
Google Scholar
Rigobello ES, Dantas ADB, Bernardo LD, Vieira EM: Removal of diclofenac by conventional drinking water treatment processes and granular activated carbon filtration. Chemosphere 2013, 92: 184–191. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.010
CAS
Google Scholar
Rolim LADMM, Macêdo MFS, Sisenando HA, Napoleão TH, Felzenszwalb I, Aiub CAF, Coelho LCBB, Medeiros SRB, Paiva PMG: Genotoxicity evaluation of Moringa oleifera seed extract and lectin. J Food Sci 2011, 76: T53-T58. 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01990.x
CAS
Google Scholar
Samudro G, Mangkoedihardjo S: Review on BOD, COD and BOD/COD ratio: a triangle zone for toxic, biodegradable and stable levels. Int J Acad Res 2010, 2: 235–239.
Google Scholar
Santos AFS, Luz LA, Argolo ACC, Teixeira JA, Paiva PMG, Coelho LCBB: Isolation of a seed coagulant Moringa oleifera l ectin. Process Biochem 2009, 44: 504–508. 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.01.002
CAS
Google Scholar
Setyawaty R, Katayama-Hirayama K, Kaneko H, Hirayam K: Current tapioca starch wastewater (TSW) management in Indonesia. World Appl Sci J 2011, 14: 658–665.
CAS
Google Scholar
Sharma P, Kumari P, Srivastava MM, Srivastava S: Removal of cadmium from aqueous system by shelled Moringa oleifera Lam. seed powder. Bioresour Technol 2006, 97: 299–305. 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.034
CAS
Google Scholar
Sharma P, Kumari P, Srivastava MM, Srivastava S: Ternary biosorption studies of Cd(II), Cr(III) and Ni(II) on shelled Moringa oleifera seeds. Bioresour Technol 2007, 98: 474–477. 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.12.016
CAS
Google Scholar
Sherman KM: Introducing a new media for fixed-film treatment in decentralized wastewater systems. Proceedings of the annual Water Environment Federation Technocal Exhibition and Conference 2006 (WEFTEC 2006). Dallas Convention Center. Dallas: The Water Environment Federation; 2006:p 4616.
Google Scholar
Siregar M: Small-scale tapioca processing development in Indonesia. Edited by: Borugeuis H, Svensson L, Burrows ML. Bogor, Indonesia: Proceedings of the regional workshop, United Nations-ESCAP; 2006:293.
Google Scholar
Sreethawong T, Chatsiriwatana S, Rangsunvigit P, Chavadej S: Hydrogen production from cassava wastewater using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor: effects of operational parameters, COD:N ratio, and organic acid composition. Int J Hydrogen Energ 2010, 35: 4092–4102.
CAS
Google Scholar
Stevika TK, Aab K, Auslanda G, Hanssen JF: Retention and removal of pathogenic bacteria in wastewater percolating through porous media: a review. Water Res 2004, 38: 1355–1367. 10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.024
Google Scholar
Sun L, Wan S, Yu Z, Wang Y, Wang S: Anaerobic biological treatment of high strength cassava starch wastewater in a new type up-flow multistage anaerobic reactor. Bioresour Technol 2012, 104: 280–288.
CAS
Google Scholar
Suprapti L: Tepung Tapioka Pembuatan dan Pemanfaatannya (Tapioca Starch: Processing and Utilisation). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius; 2005.
Google Scholar
Sutherland JP, Folkard GK, Mtawali MA, Grant WD: Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant. Paper presented at 20th WEDC conference: affordable water supply and sanitation. Colombo, Sri Lanka; 1994.
Google Scholar
Taslicukur Z, Balaban C, Kuskonmaz N: Production of ceramic foam filters for molten metal filtration using expanded polystyrene. J Euro Ceram Soc 2007, 27: 637–640. 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.04.129
CAS
Google Scholar
Thanwised P, Wirojanaguda W, Reungsang A: Effect of hydraulic retention time on hydrogen production and chemical oxygen demand removal from tapioca wastewater using anaerobic mixed cultures in anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Int J Hydrogen Energ 2012, 37: 15503–15510. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.068
CAS
Google Scholar
The State Secretary of the Republic of Indonesia: Government Regulation No. 82/2001 on the management of water quality and water pollution control. 2001. accessed from on 25 October 2012 http://jdih.menlh.go.id/ accessed from on 25 October 2012
Google Scholar
Ubuoh EA, Akhionbare SMO, Onifade AO: Potential of Moringa oleifera seed powder as a coagulation agent for refinery wastewater treatment in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Int J Adv Biol Res 2013, 3: 17–20.
Google Scholar
Ukita M, Imai T, Hung Y-T: Food waste treatment. In Waste treatment in the food processing. Edited by: Wang LK, Hung Y-T, Lo HH, Yapijakis C. Florida: Taylor & Francis Group; 2006:291.
Google Scholar
Vieira AMS, Vieira MF, Silva GF, Araújo ÁA, Fagundes-Klen MR, Veit MT, Bergamasco R: Use of Moringa oleifera seed as a natural adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Water Air Soil Pollut 2010, 206: 273–281. 10.1007/s11270-009-0104-y
Google Scholar
Wadi AH: Effect of a gravel bed flocculator on the efficiency of a low cost water treatment plants. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 2010, 62: 254–259.
Google Scholar
Walter A, Samuel W, Peter A, Joseph O: Antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala methanol and n -hexane seed extracts on bacteria implicated in water borne diseases. Afr J Microbiol Res 2011, 5: 153–157.
Google Scholar
Wang Y, Banziger J, Dubin PL, Filippelli G, Nurage N: Adsorptive partitioning of an organic compound onto polyelectrolyte immobilized micelles on porous glass and sand. Environ Sci Technol 2001, 35: 2608–2611. 10.1021/es001662r
CAS
Google Scholar
Wilson SA, Andrews SA: Impact of a natural coagulant pretreatment for colour removal on solar water disinfection (SODIS). JWaSHDev 2011, 01: 57–67.
Google Scholar
Yan B, Liu K, Su C, Zhao W, Shi J, Long F, Wu Y: Compared selection of pretreatment technology for cassava starch wastewater treated by anaerobic process. In Proceedings of 2011 international symposium on water resource and environmental protection (ISWREP 2011). Xi’an, China; 2011.
Google Scholar
Yongabi KA: Biocoagulants for water and waste water purification: a review. Int Rev Chem Engin 2010, 2: 444–458.
Google Scholar
Yue Q, Han S, Yue M, Gao B, Li Q, Yu H, Zhao Y, Qi Y: The performance of biological anaerobic filters packed with sludge-fly ash ceramic particles (SFCP) and commercial ceramic particles (CCP) during the restart period: effect of the C/N ratios and filter media. Bioresour Technol 2009, 100: 5016–5020. 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.033
CAS
Google Scholar