Abstract
The Kepler’s third law is a relation between the period and the energy of two classical particles interacting via a gravitational potential. Recent works showed that this law could be extended, at least approximately, to classical three-body systems, or even many-body classical systems. So, a classical quasi Kepler’s third law seems to exist. In this paper, approximate analytical solutions are computed for quantum self-gravitating particles with different masses. The results give strong indications in favor of the existence of a quasi Kepler’s third law for such systems. The relevance of the proposal is checked with accurate numerical data for the ground state of self-gravitating identical bosons and with numerical estimations for systems with identical particles plus a different one. Connections between the quantum and classical systems are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. Dmitrašinović, M. Šuvakov, Topological dependence of Kepler’s third law for collisionless periodic three-body orbits with vanishing angular momentum and equal masses. Phys. Lett. A 379, 1939 (2015)
X.M. Li, S.J. Liao, More than six hundred new families of Newtonian periodic planar collisionless three-body orbits. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 60, 129511 (2017)
X. Li, Y. Jing, S. Liao, Over a thousand new periodic orbits of a planar three-body system with unequal masses. Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 70, 64 (2018)
X. Li, S. Liao, Collisionless periodic orbits in the free-fall three-body problem. New Astron. 70, 22 (2019)
M. Šuvakov, V. Dmitrašinović, A guide to hunting periodic three-body orbits. Am. J. Phys. 82, 609 (2014)
B.H. Sun, Kepler’s third law of \(n\)-body periodic orbits in a Newtonian gravitation field. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 61, 054721 (2018)
C.-Y. Zhao, M.-J. Zhang, A conjecture on Kepler’s third law of n-body periodic orbits. arXiv:1811.00735
C. Semay, Quantum support to BoHua Sun’s conjecture. Res. Phys. 13, 102167 (2019)
C. Semay, C. Willemyns, Equivalent period for a stationary quantum system. Res. Phys. 14, 102476 (2019)
B.H. Sun, Classical and quantum Kepler’s third law of \(N\)-Body System. Res. Phys. 13, 102144 (2019)
W. Lucha, Relativistic virial theorems. Mod. Phys. Lett. A 5, 2473 (1990)
Y. İpekoğlu, S. Turgut, An elementary derivation of the quantum virial theorem from Hellmann–Feynman theorem. Eur. J. Phys. 37, 045405 (2016)
C. Semay, L. Cimino, C. Willemyns, Envelope theory for systems with different particles. Few-Body Syst. 61, 19 (2020)
J. Horne, J.A. Salas, K. Varga, Energy and structure of few-boson systems. Few-Body Syst. 55, 1245 (2014)
R.L. Hall, Energy trajectories for the \(N\)-boson problem by the method of potential envelopes. Phys. Rev. D 22, 2062 (1980)
R.L. Hall, Schrödinger’s equation with linear combinations of elementary potentials. Phys. Rev. D 23, 1421 (1981)
R.L. Hall, A geometrical theory of energy trajectories in quantum mechanics. J. Math. Phys. 24, 324 (1983)
R.L. Hall, Spectral geometry and the \(N\)-body problem. Phys. Rev. A 51, 3499 (1995)
R.L. Hall, W. Lucha, F.F. Schöberl, Relativistic \(N\)-boson systems bound by pair potentials \(V(r_{ij}) = g(r^2_{ij})\). J. Math. Phys. 45, 3086 (2004)
R. Gibara, R.L. Hall, Potential envelope theory and the local energy theorem. J. Math. Phys. 60, 062103 (2019)
B. Silvestre-Brac, C. Semay, F. Buisseret, F. Brau, The quantum \({N}\)-body problem and the auxiliary field method. J. Math. Phys. 51, 032104 (2010)
C. Semay, C. Roland, Approximate solutions for \(N\)-body Hamiltonians with identical particles in \(D\) dimensions. Res. Phys. 3, 231 (2013)
C. Semay, Improvement of the envelope theory with the dominantly orbital state method. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 130, 156 (2015)
C. Semay, Numerical tests of the envelope theory for few-boson systems. Few-Body Syst. 56, 149 (2015)
C. Semay, L. Cimino, Tests of the envelope theory in one dimension. Few-Body Syst. 60, 64 (2019)
A.A. Lobashev, N.N. Trunov, A universal effective quantum number for centrally symmetric problems. J. Phys. A 42, 345202 (2009)
R.L. Hall, B. Schwesinger, The complete exact solution to the translation-invariant \(N\)-body harmonic oscillator problem. J. Math. Phys. 20, 2481 (1979)
Z.-Q. Ma, Exact solutions to the \(N\)-body Schrödinger equation for the harmonic oscillator. Found. Phys. Lett. 13, 167 (2000)
M. Šindik, A. Sugita, M. Šuvakov, V. Dmitrašinović, Periodic three-body orbits in the Coulomb potential. Phys. Rev. E 98, 060101(R) (2018)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS under Grant No. 4.45.10.08.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Semay, C., Willemyns, C.T. Quasi Kepler’s third law for quantum many-body systems. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 342 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01313-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01313-2