Abstract
In the present study, the bending and free vibration analysis of the CNTRC doubly curved nanoshells subjected to hygro-thermo-mechanical loading using higher-order shear and normal deformation theory is investigated. Thickness stretching impact is considered based on higher-order shear and normal deformation theory. The transverse displacement is divided into bending and shear ingredients based on sinusoidal shear deformation theory. To consider the nonlocality, nonlocal strain gradient shell theory is applied. All of the effective material properties of the shell are considered as temperature dependent. The temperature variation and moisture expansion vary through the thickness of the shell nonlinearly. The impacts of the five different kinds of distributions of CNTRC including UD, FGV, FGX, FGA and FGO are studied on the bending and natural frequency of the nanoshell. To obtain the equations of motion, Hamilton’s principle is applied, where Navier’s method is utilized to derive the mechanical responses of the nanoshell with simply supported boundary conditions. The calculated result illustrates that the length scale parameter has remarkable impact on the deflection and natural frequency of the CNTRC doubly curved nanoshells.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability statement
This manuscript has associated data in a data repository. [Authors’ comment: The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.]
Change history
06 April 2021
An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01337-8
References
Y. Heidari, M. Arefi, M.I. Rahaghi, Effect of distributed piezoelectric segments on the buckling load of FG cylindrical micro/nano shell. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136(1), 1–20 (2021)
M.H. Dindarloo, A.M. Zenkour, Nonlocal strain gradient shell theory for bending analysis of FG spherical nanoshells in thermal environment. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 135(10), 1–18 (2020)
H.K. Sharaf, S. Salman, M.H. Dindarloo, V.I. Kondrashchenko, A.A. Davidyants, S.V. Kuznetsov, The effects of the viscosity and density on the natural frequency of the cylindrical nanoshells conveying viscous fluid. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136(1), 1–19 (2021)
M.R. Barati, A.M. Zenkour, H. Shahverdi, Thermo-mechanical buckling analysis of embedded nanosize FG plates in thermal environments via an inverse cotangential theory. Compos. Struct. 141, 203–212 (2016)
C.W. Lim, G. Zhang, J.N. Reddy, A higher-order nonlocal elasticity and strain gradient theory and its applications in wave propagation. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 78, 298–313 (2015)
L. Li, Y. Hu, L. Ling, Wave propagation in viscoelastic single-walled carbon nanotubes with surface effect under magnetic field based on nonlocal strain gradient theory. Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 75, 118–124 (2016)
M.H. Ghayesh, Viscoelastic dynamics of axially FG microbeams. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 135, 75–85 (2019)
A.M. Zenkour, Z.S. Hafed, Bending analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric plates via quasi-3D trigonometric theory. Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct. 27(18), 1551–1562 (2020)
M. Bouazza, A.M. Zenkour, Hygro-thermo-mechanical buckling of laminated beam using hyperbolic refined shear deformation theory. Compos. Struct. 252, 112689 (2020)
M.H. Ghayesh, Nonlinear vibration analysis of axially functionally graded shear-deformable tapered beams. Appl. Math. Model. 59, 583–596 (2018)
M. Bouazza, A.M. Zenkour, Vibration of carbon nanotube-reinforced plates via refined nth-higher-order theory. Arch. Appl. Mech. 90, 1755–1769 (2020)
L. Li, X. Li, Y. Hu, Nonlinear bending of a two-dimensionally functionally graded beam. Compos. Struct. 184, 1049–1061 (2018)
M.Z. Nejad, A. Hadi, A. Rastgoo, Buckling analysis of arbitrary two-directional functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams based on nonlocal elasticity theory. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 103, 1–10 (2016)
M.Z. Nejad, A. Hadi, Non-local analysis of free vibration of bi-directional functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 105, 1–11 (2016)
S. Sahmani, B. Safaei, Nonlocal strain gradient nonlinear resonance of bi-directional functionally graded composite micro/nano-beams under periodic soft excitation. Thin Wall. Struct. 143, 106226 (2019)
A.M. Zenkour, A two-unknown nonlocal shear and normal deformations theory for buckling analysis of nanorods. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 42(358), 358 (2020)
D.S. Mashat, A.M. Zenkour, A.F. Radwan, A quasi 3-D higher-order plate theory for bending of FG plates resting on elastic foundations under hygro-thermo-mechanical loads with porosity. Eur. J. Mech. A Solids 82, 103985 (2020)
A.M. Zenkour, Z.S. Hafed, Bending response of functionally graded piezoelectric plates using a two-variable shear deformation theory. Adv. Aircr. Spacecr. Sci. 7(2), 115–134 (2020)
A.M. Zenkour, Quasi-3D refined theory for functionally graded porous plates: displacements and stresses. Phys. Mesomech. 23(1), 39–53 (2020)
A.A. Daikh, A.M. Zenkour, Free vibration and buckling of porous power-law and sigmoid functionally graded sandwich plates using a simple higher-order shear deformation theory. Mater. Res. Express 6(11), 115707 (2019)
A. Hadi, M.Z. Nejad, M. Hosseini, Vibrations of three-dimensionally graded nanobeams. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 128, 12–23 (2018)
A.M. Zenkour, A.H. Al-Subhi, Thermal vibrations of a graphene sheet embedded in viscoelastic medium based on nonlocal shear deformation theory. Int. J. Acoust. Vib. 24(3), 485–493 (2019)
M.R. Barati, N.M. Faleh, A.M. Zenkour, Dynamic response of nanobeams subjected to moving nanoparticles and hygro-thermal environments based on nonlocal strain gradient theory. Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct. 26(19), 1661–1669 (2019)
M. Arefi, A.M. Zenkour, Influence of magneto-electric environments on size-dependent bending results of three-layer piezomagnetic curved nanobeam based on sinusoidal shear deformation theory. J. Sandwich Struct. Mater. 21(8), 2751–2778 (2019)
M. Arefi, G.G. Talkhunche, Higher-order vibration analysis of FG cylindrical nano-shell. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136(2), 1–21 (2021)
M.H. Ghayesh, Viscoelastic mechanics of Timoshenko functionally graded imperfect microbeams. Compos. Struct. 225, 110974 (2019)
M.H. Ghayesh, Mechanics of viscoelastic functionally graded microcantilevers. Eur. J. Mech. A Solids 73, 492–499 (2019)
Y. Kiani, Buckling of functionally graded graphene reinforced conical shells under external pressure in thermal environment. Compos. B Eng. 156, 128–137 (2019)
J.N. Reddy, Mechanics of Laminated Composite Plates and Shells: Theory and Analysis (CRC Press, London, 2003).
Zenkour AM, Hafed ZS (2019) Hygro-thermo-mechanical bending of FG piezoelectric plates using quasi-3D shear and normal deformations theory. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 16(7).
M.H. Dindarloo, L. Li, R. Dimitri, F. Tornabene, Nonlocal elasticity response of doubly-curved nanoshells. Symmetry 12(3), 466 (2020)
A. Bhimaraddi, Three-dimensional elasticity solution for static response of orthotropic doubly curved shallow shells on rectangular planform. Compos. Struct. 24(1), 67–77 (1993)
M.H. Dindarloo, L. Li, Vibration analysis of carbon nanotubes reinforced isotropic doubly-curved nanoshells using nonlocal elasticity theory based on a new higher order shear deformation theory. Compos. B Eng. 175, 107170 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
The original online version of this article was revised: In the original publication of the article, unfortunately the corresponding author was wrong.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wei, H., Mohammadi, R. Hygro-thermo-mechanical bending and vibration analysis of the CNTRC doubly curved nanoshells with thickness stretching based on nonlocal strain gradient theory. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 326 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01296-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01296-0