Abstract.
A theoretical analysis is carried out to investigate the magnetohydrodynamic unsteady flow of Eyring-Powell and Carreau non-Newtonian fluids in a suspension of dust and nickel nanoparticles by considering variable thermal conductivity and thermal radiation. Dispersion of nickel nanoparticles in dusty fluids finds applications in heat exchanger systems, rechargeable batteries, chemical catalysts, metallurgy, conducting paints, magnetic recording media, drug delivery, nanofibers, textiles, etc. The initially arising set of physical governing partial differential equations is transformed to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the aid of similarity transformations. Consequentially, the nonlinear ODEs are solved numerically through the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg scheme (RKFS). The computational results for non-dimensional temperature and velocity profiles are presented through graphs. Furthermore, the numerical values of friction factor and heat transfer rate are tabulated numerically for the unsteady and steady cases of the Eyring and Carreau fluid cases and of the dusty non-Newtonian (\(\phi=0\)) and the dusty non-Newtonian nanofluid (\(\phi\neq 0\)) cases of the unsteady flow. We also validated the present results with previous published studies and found them to be highly satisfactory. The formulated model reveals that the rate of heat transfer is higher in the mixture of the nickel + Eyring-Powell case compared to the nickel + Carreau case. From this we can highlight that, depending on the industrial appliances, we can use heating or cooling processes for Eyring and Carreau fluids, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C.S.K. Raju, N. Sandeep, M. Jayachandra Babu, V. Sugunamma, Alex. Eng. J. 55, 151 (2016)
C.S.K. Raju, N. Sandeep, Int. J. Eng. Res. Africa 21, 33 (2015)
C.S.K. Raju, P. Sanjeevi, M.C.R.S.M. Ibrahim, G.L.E. Lorenzini, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn. 29, 1347 (2017)
S. Nadeem, A.U. Khan, S. Saleem, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 131, 261 (2016)
R. Mehmood, S. Nadeem, S. Saleem, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 74, 49 (2017)
T. Hayat, M. Waqas, S.A. Shehzad, A. Alsaedi, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 131, 253 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, J. Mol. Liq. 234, 364 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 42, 821 (2017)
X. He, W. Zhong, C.-T. Au, Y. Du, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8, 446 (2013)
G. Nair, S. Survase, Int. J. Chem. Phys. Sci. 3, 56 (2014)
S. Chandra, A. Kumar, P.K. Tomar, J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 18, 437 (2014)
M. Sheikholeslami, J. Mol. Liq. 231, 555 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 132, 55 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami Neural Comput. Appl. (2016) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-2740-7
Kandelousi, Mohsen Sheikholeslami, Phys. Lett. A 378, 3331 (2014)
M. Sheikholeslami, J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 37, 1623 (2015)
S. Nadeem, S. Saleem, Nadeem, Inf. Sci. Lett. 3, 55 (2014)
M. Sheikholeslami, H.B. Rokni, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 107, 288 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, H.B. Rokni, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 42, 14942 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 42, 19611 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, A. Zeeshan, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 42, 15393 (2017)
P.J. Carreau, Trans. Soc. Rheol. 116, 99 (1972)
R.E. Powell, H. Eyring, Nature 154, 427 (1944)
C.S.K. Raju, K.R. Sekhar, S.M. Ibrahim, G. Lorenzini, G. Viswanatha Reddy, E. Lorenzini, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn. 29, 699 (2017)
J. Rahimi, D.D. Ganji, M. Khaki, K. Hosseinzadeh, Alex. Eng. J. 56, 621 (2017)
M. Jayachandra Babu, N. Sandeep, C.S.K. Raju, Int. J. Eng. Res. Africa 19, 57 (2015)
C.S.K. Raju, N. Sandeep, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 131, 267 (2016)
Mamatha. S. Upadhya, Mahesha, C.S.K. Raju, Inform. Med. Unlocked 9, 76 (2017)
C.S.K. Raju, N. Sandeep, Alex. Eng. J. 55, 1115 (2016)
T. Hayat, S. Asad, M. Mustafa, A. Alsaedi, PLoS ONE 9, e103214 (2014)
C.S.K. Raju, M.M. Hoque, N.N. Anika, S.U. Mamatha, Powder Technol. 317, 408 (2017)
M.Y. Malik, A. Hussain, S. Nadeem, Sci. Iran. 20, 313 (2013)
C.S.K. Raju, S.M. Ibrahim, S. Anuradha, P. Priyadharshini, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 131, 409 (2016)
S. Siddiqa, A. Faryad, N. Begum, M.A. Hossain, S. Nadeem, S. Saleem, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys. 52, 725 (2015)
M.A. Meraj, S.A. Shehzad, T. Hayat, F.M. Abbasi, A. Alsaedi, Appl. Math. Mech. 38, 557 (2017)
T.C. Chiam, Acta Mech. 129, 63 (1998)
M. Waqas, A. Alsaedi, S.A. Shehzad, T. Hayat, S. Asghar, J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 39, 3005 (2017)
M.S. Abel, N. Mahesha, Appl. Math. Model. 32, 1965 (2008)
M.Y. Malik, A. Hussain, T. Salahuddin, M. Awais, S. Bilal, F. Khan, AIP Adv. 6, 045118 (2016)
T. Hayat, S.A. Shehzad, M. Qasim, A. Alsaedi, Braz. J. Chem. Eng. 31, 109 (2014)
N.B. Reddy, T. Poornima, P. Sreenivasulu, Int. J. Eng. Math. 2014, 905158 (2014)
M.A. El-Aziz, A.A. Afify, Braz. J. Phys. 46, 516 (2016)
M. Abd El-Aziz, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 36, 521 (2009)
M. Sheikholeslami, S.A. Shehzad, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 113, 796 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, S.A. Shehzad, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 109, 82 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, J. Mol. Liq. 229, 137 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, H.B. Rokni, Eur. Phys. J. Plus 132, 238 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, M. Sadoughi, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 113, 106 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, M.M. Bhatti, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 111, 1039 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, H.B. Rokni, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 114, 517 (2017)
M. Sheikholeslami, A. Zeeshan, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 320, 68 (2017)
B.J. Gireesha, A.J. Chamkha, S. Manjunatha, C.S. Bagewadi, Int. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow 23, 598 (2013)
M.R. Krishnamurthy, B.J. Gireesha, R.S.R. Gorla, B.C. Prasannakumara, J. Nanofluids 5, 502 (2016)
S.U. Mamatha, Mahesha, C.S.K. Raju, J. Nanofluids 6, 1074 (2017)
B.C. Prasannakumara, N.S. Shashikumar, P. Venkatesh, Nonlinear Eng. 6, 179 (2017)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mamatha Upadhya, S., Mahesha & Raju, C.S.K. Comparative study of Eyring and Carreau fluids in a suspension of dust and nickel nanoparticles with variable conductivity. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 133, 156 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-11979-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-11979-x