Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Isospin flows

  • Dynamics and Thermodynamics with Nuclear Degrees of Freedom
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract.

In this report, we review the isospin dependence of various forms of the collective flow in heavy-ion reactions from Fermi to relativistic energies. The emphasis will be on suggested possible applications in directly exploring the underlying isovector potential and thus the Equation of State (EoS) of asymmetric nuclear matter, in particular in density regions far away from normal conditions. We also discuss forthcoming challenges and opportunities provided by high-energy radioactive beams.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H. Stöcker, W. Greiner, Phys. Rep. 137, 277 (1986).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. P. Danielewicz, Q. Pan, Phys. Rev. C 46, 2002 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Das Gupta, G.W. Westfall, Phys. Today 46, 34 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  4. P. Danielewicz, Nucl. Phys. A 685, 368c (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Danielewicz, R. Lacey, W.G. Lynch, Science 298, 1592 (2002) and references therein.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. A.E.L. Dieperink, Y. Dewulf, D. Van Deck, M. Waroquier, V. Rodin, Phys. Rev. C 68, 064307 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. D. Vautherin, D.M. Brink, Phys. Rev. C 3, 676 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  8. H. Krivine, J. Treiner, O. Bohigas, Nucl. Phys. A 336, 155 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. E. Chabanat, P. Bonche, P. Haensel, J. Meyer, R. Schaeffer, Nucl. Phys. A 627, 710 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Chabanat, P. Bonche, P. Haensel, J. Meyer, R. Schaeffer, Nucl. Phys. A 635, 231 (1998).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. F. Douchin, P. Haensel, J. Meyer, Nucl. Phys. A 665, 419 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. I. Bombaci, T.T.S. Kuo, U. Lombardo, Phys. Rep. 242, 165 (1994).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. I. Bombaci, Phys. Rev. C 55, 1 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Bombaci, EoS for isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter for astrophysical applications, in Isospin Physics in Heavy-ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies, edited by Bao-An Li, W. Udo Schröder (Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2001) pp. 35-81 and references therein.

  15. We remark here that also all relativistic mean-field approaches in the presently used approximation scheme are predicting a stiff-like symmetry term, proportional to the baryon density, coming from the $\rho$-meson field contribution, see ref. YoshidaPRC58. Actually a superstiff-like behaviour can be obtained when a coupling to the scalar charged meson $\delta$ is added, see refs. KubisPLB399,LiuboPRC65,GrecoPRC67.

  16. S. Yoshida, H. Sagawa, N. Takigawa, Phys. Rev. C 58, 2796 (1998).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Kubis, M. Kutschera, Phys. Lett. B 399, 191 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. B. Liu, V. Greco, V. Baran, M. Colonna, M. Di Toro, Phys. Rev. C 65, 045201 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. V. Greco, M. Colonna, M. Di Toro, F. Matera, Phys. Rev. C 67, 015203 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. B.-A. Li, C.M. Ko, W. Bauer, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 7, 147 (1998).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bao-An Li, W. Udo Schröder (Editors), Isospin Physics in Heavy-ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies (Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2001).

  22. M. Di Toro, V. Baran, M. Colonna, V. Greco, S. Maccarone, M. Cabibbo, Eur. Phys. J. A 13, 155 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. V. Baran, M. Colonna, V. Greco, M. Di Toro, Phys. Rep. 410, 335 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. M. Lopez-Quelle, S. Marcos, R. Niembro, A. Bouyssy, N. Van Giai, Nucl. Phys. A 483, 479 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bao-An Li, Nucl. Phys. A 681, 434c (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. R.J. Furnstahl, Nucl. Phys. A 706, 85 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. L.W. Chen, C.M. Ko, B.-A. Li, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 03701 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  28. M. Prakash, Phys. Rep. 280, 1 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. B.-A. Li, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4221 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. P. Danielewicz, G. Odyniec, Phys. Lett. B 157, 146 (1985).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. B. Zhang, M. Gyulassy, C.M. Ko, Phys. Lett. B 455, 45 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. B.-A. Li, A.T. Sustich, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 5004 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. J.Y. Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. D 46, 229 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Danielewicz, Nucl. Phys. A 673, 375 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. A.B. Larionov, W. Cassing, C. Greiner, U. Mosel, Phys. Rev. C 62, 064611 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Gaitanos, C. Fuchs, H.H. Wolter, A. Faessler, Eur. Phys. J. A 12, 421 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. B.-A. Li, Z. Ren, C.M. Ko, S.J. Yennello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4492 (1996).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. G. Westfall, Nucl. Phys. A 630, 27c (1998).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. R. Pak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1022 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. R. Pak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1026 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. L. Scalone, M. Colonna, M. Di Toro, Phys. Lett. B 461, 9 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. The reduced impact parameter is defined as $b_{red} \equiv b/b_{max}$, where $b_{max}$ is the sum of the two nuclear radii.

  43. B.-A. Li, A.T. Sustich, B. Zhang, Phys. Rev. C 64, 054604 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. J. Rizzo, M. Colonna, M. Di Toro, V. Greco, Nucl. Phys. A 732, 202 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. B.-A. Li, B. Das Champak, S. Das Gupta, C. Gale, Nucl. Phys. A 735, 563 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. Bao-An Li, Phys. Rev. C 69, 064602 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. M. Di Toro, M. Colonna, J. Rizzo, On the splitting of nucleon effective masses at high isospin density: reaction observables, Argonne/MSU/JINA/RIA Workshop on Reaction Mechanisms for Rare Isotope Beams, edited by B. Alex Brown, AIP Conf. Proc., Vol. 791 (AIP, 2005) pp. 70-82

  48. W. Zuo, L.G. Cao, B.-A. Li, U. Lombardo, C.W. Shen, Phys. Rev. C 72, 014005 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. E.N.E. van Dalen, C. Fuchs, A. Fässler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 022302 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. FOPI Collaboration (A. Andronic), Phys. Rev. C 67, 034907 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. FOPI Collaboration (A. Andronic), Phys. Lett. B 612, 173 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. V. Greco, Diploma Thesis (1997)

  53. P. Sapienza, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 2701 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. C. Gale, G.F. Bertsch, S. Das Gupta, Phys. Rev. C 41, 1545 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. I. Bombaci, Nucl. Phys. A 583, 623 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. V. Greco, V. Baran, M. Colonna, M. Di Toro, T. Gaitanos, H.H. Wolter, Phys. Lett. B 562, 215 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. B.A. Li, preprint nucl-th/0504069

  58. B.A. Li, G.C. Yong, W. Zuo, Phys. Rev. C 71, 044604 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratori Nazionali del Sud INFN, Phys. Astron. Dept., Catania University, Via S. Sofia 62, I-95123, Catania, Italy

    M. Di Toro

  2. Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, 77843, College Station, TX, USA

    S. J. Yennello

  3. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, P.O. Box 419, 72467-0419, AR, USA

    B. -A. Li

Authors
  1. M. Di Toro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. J. Yennello
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. B. -A. Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Di Toro.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Di Toro, M., Yennello, S.J. & Li, B.A. Isospin flows. Eur. Phys. J. A 30, 153–163 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2006-10113-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2006-10113-x

PACS.

Search

Navigation