Abstract
The surface of cellulose acetate (CA) films has been modified by gas–liquid fluorination. The treatment has been carried out with a fluorinating mixture (10 vol % F2 + N2) in a perfluorodecalin medium in a flow reactor for 30, 60, and 120 min. Film samples have been studied using X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. It has been shown that the general appearance and position of peaks in the diffraction patterns of the initial and fluorinated CA samples are almost the same, indicating the absence of a significant effect of treatment on the phase composition of the film samples. On the contrary, according to IR data, there is an increase in the concentration of fluorine-containing and hydroxyl groups in the fluorinated CA layer. SEM images of cross sections of fluorinated films have confirmed their layered structure. The transport parameters of the films with respect to He, H2, O2, CO2, and CH4 have been also determined experimentally. The gas permeability has been found to monotonically decrease with an increase in the fluorination time and to increase with an increase in the size of the penetrant molecule. Direct fluorination also leads to an increase in O2/N2, CO2/CH4, N2/CH4, He/CH4, H2/CH4, and He/H2 ideal permselectivities compared to those of the unmodified cellulose acetate film. The data points for fluorinated CA films on the Robeson plots for these gas pairs approach the 1991 upper bound, whereas those for the virgin polymer are located in the middle of the plots.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Handbook of Fluoropolymer Science and Technology, Ed. by Smith D. W., Iacono S. T., and Iyer S. S. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014).
Y. P. Yampolskii, N. A. Belov, and A. Y. Alentiev, Russ. Chem. Rev. 88, 387 (2019).
Y. Yampolskii, N. Belov, and A. Alentiev, J. Membr. Sci. 598, 117779 (2020).
T. C. Merkel, I. Pinnau, R. Prabhakar, and B. D. Freeman, in Materials Science of Membranes for Gas and Vapor Separation, Ed. by Yampolskii Yu., Pinnau I., and Freeman B. D. (Wiley, 2006).
Yu. Yampolskii and N. Belov, Macromolecules 48, 6751 (2015).
Fluoropolymers 2: Properties, Ed. by Hougham G., Cassidy P. E., Johns K., and Davidson T. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002).
Fluorinated Polymers, vol. 1, Synthesis, Properties, Processing and Simulation, Ed. by Sawada H. and Ameduri B. (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016).
J. J. Reisinger and M. A. Hillmyer, Prog. Polym. Sci. 27, 971 (2002).
P. Cools, L. Astoreca, P. S. Esbah Tabaei, M. Thukkaram, H. De Smet, R. Morent, and N. De Geyter, in Surface Modification of Polymers: Methods and Applications, Ed. by Pinson J. and Thirty D. (2019).
A. P. Kharitonov, Prog. Org. Coat 61, 192 (2008).
V. G. Nazarov, Surface Modification of Polymers (Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ. Pechati, 2008) [in Russian].
A. Kharitonov and L. Kharitonova, Pure Appl. Chem. 81, 451 (2009).
R. J. Lagow and H. C. Wei, in Fluoropolymers 1: Synthesis, Ed. by Hougham G., Cassidy P.E., Johns K., and Davidson T. (Springer, Boston, MA, 2002).
I. A. Blinov, D. A. Mukhortov, Y. P. Yampolskii, et al., J. Fluorine Chem. 234, 109526 (2020).
I. A. Blinov and A. Y. Alentiev, et al., J. Polym. Res. 27, 290 (2020).
Industrial Applications of Natural Fibres: Structure, Properties and Technical Applications, vol. 10, Ed. by Stevens C. (Wiley, Chichester. 2010).
S. Kamel, N. Ali, K. Jahangir, S. M. Shah, and A. A. El-Gendy, Express Polym. Lett. 2, 758 (2008).
B. Lalia, F. Ahmed, S. Anis, and R. Hashaikeh, in Membrane Fabrication, Ed. by Hilal N., Ismail A. F., and Wright C. J. (CRC Press, N.Y., 2015).
A. Mansourizadeh and A. J. Azad, J. Polym. Res. 21, 375 (2014).
A. G. Bozzano and C. E. Glatz, J. Membr. Sci. 55, 181 (1991).
A. G. Chmielewski, G. Zakrzewska-Trznadel, N. R. Miljevic, and W. A. Van Hook, J. Membr. Sci. 55, 257 (1991).
F. Z. Khan, T. Sakaguchi, N. Y. Shiotsuki, and T. Masuda, Macromolecules 39, 6025 (2006).
K. Charlet, F. Saulnier, M. Dubois, and A. Beakou, Mater. Des. 74, 61 (2015).
K. Charlet, F. Saulnier, D. Gautier, M. Pouzet, M. Dubois, and A. Béakou, in Natural Fibres: Advances in Science and Technology towards Industrial Applications, Ed. by Fangueiro R. and Rana S. (Springer, Dordrecht, 2016).
J. Maity, P. Kothary, E. O’Rear, and C. Jacob, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49, 6075 (2010).
C. Chiao, US patent, No. 4,828,585 (Washington DC, 1989).
J. Li, S. Wang, K. Nagai, T. Nakagawa, and A. W.-H. Mau, J. Membr. Sci. 138, 143 (1998).
J. Li, K. Nagai, T. Nakagawa, and S. Wang, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 58, 1455 (1995).
A. Y. Houde, B. Krishnakumar, S. G. Charati, and S. A. Stern, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 62, 2181 (1996).
A. C. Puleo, D. Paul, and S. S. Kelley, J. Membr. Sci. 47, 301 (1989).
S. H. Pak, Y. W. Jeon, M. S. Shin, and H. C. Koh, Environ. Eng. Sci. 33, 17 (2016).
M. Mubashir, Y. F. Yeong, K. K. Lau, and T. L. Chew, Polym. Test. 73, 1 (2019).
Y. W. Jeon and M. S. Shin, Energy Procedia 136, 219 (2017).
Y. Liu, Z. Liu, A. Morisato, N. Bhuwania, D. Chinn, and W. J. Koros, J. Membr. Sci. 601, 117910 (2020).
A. Soleimany, J. Karimi-Sabet, and S. S. Hosseini, Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 137, 194 (2018).
M. Naghsh, M. Sadeghi, A. Moheb, M. P. Chenar, and M. Mohagheghian, J. Membr. Sci. 423, 97 (2012).
A. L. Ahmad, Z. A. Jawad, S. C. Low, and S. H. S. Zein, J. Membr. Sci. 451, 55 (2014).
M. Mubashir, Y. F. Yeong, K. K. Lau, T. L. Chew, and J. Norwahyu, Sep. Purif. Technol. 199, 140 (2018).
M. Najafi, M. Sadeghi, A. Bolverdi, M. Pourafshari Chenar, and M. Pakizeh, Adv. Polym. Technol. 37, 2043 (2018).
H. Sanaeepur, A. Kargari, B. Nasernejad, A. E. Amooghin, and M. Omidkhah, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 60, 403 (2016).
H. Sanaeepur, B. Nasernejad, and A. Kargari, Greenhouse Gases: Sci. Technol. 5, 291 (2015).
D. Zavastin, I. Cretescu, M. Bezdadea, M. Bourceanu, M. Drăgan, G. Lisa, I. Mangalagiu, V. Vasić, and J. Savić, Colloids Surf. A 370, 120 (2010).
H. Sanaeepur, R. Ahmadi, M. Sinaei, and A. Kargari, J. Membr. Sci. Res. 5, 25 (2019).
D. Nikolaeva, I. Azcune, M. Tanczyk, K. Warmuzinski, M. Jaschik, M. Sandru, P. I. Dahl, A. Genua, S. Loïs, E. Sheridan, A. Fuoco, and I. F. J. Vankelecom, J. Membr. Sci. 564, 552 (2018).
G. S. Cerveira, C. P. Borges, and F. Kronemberger de Araujo, J. Cleaner Prod. 187, 830 (2018).
J. Li, S. Wang, K. Nagai, T. Nakagawa, and A. W. Mau, J. Membr. Sci. 138, 143 (1998).
N. A. Belov, M. L. Gringolts, A. A. Morontsev, L. E. Starannikova, Yu. P. Yampolskii, and E. Sh. Finkelstein, Polym. Sci., Ser. B 59, 560 (2017).
M. Wojdyr, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 43, 1126 (2010).
W. Ruland, Acta Crystallogr. 14, 1180 (1961).
S. E. Doyle and R. A. Pethrick, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 33, 95 (1987).
P. Mercea, Isotopenpraxis 19, 153 (1983).
J. D. Le Roux, D. R. Paul, J. Kampa, and R. J. Lagow, J. Membr. Sci. 90, 21 (1994).
J. D. Le Roux, D. R. Paul, M. F. Arendt, Y. Yuan, and I. Cabasso, J. Membr. Sci. 90, 37 (1994).
M. Langsam, M. Anand, and E. J. Karwacki, Gas Sep. Purif. 2, 162 (1988).
J. M. Mohr, D. R. Paul, I. Pinnau, and W. J. Koros, J. Membr. Sci. 56, 77 (1991).
J. D. Le Roux, D. R. Paul, J. Kampa, and R. J. Lagow, J. Membr. Sci. 94, 121 (1994).
V. G. Nazarov and V. P. Stolyarov, Colloid J. 78, 75 (2016).
V. G. Nazarov, V. P. Stolyarov, F. A. Doronin, A. G. Evdokimov, G. O. Rytikov, P. N. Brevnov, A. S. Zabolotnov, L. A. Novokshonova, and A. A. Berlin, Polym. Sci., Ser. A 61, 325 (2019).
V. G. Nazarov, F. A. Doronin, A. G. Evdokimov, G. O. Rytikov, and V. P. Stolyarov, Colloid J. 81, 146 (2019).
V. Teplyakov and P. Meares, Gas Sep. Purif. 4, 66 (1990).
V. L. Simril and A. Hershberger, Mod. Plast. 27, 95 (1950).
R. Nikiforov, N. Belov, A. Zharov, I. Konovalova, B. Shklyaruk, and Y. Yampolskii, J. Membr. Sci. 540, 129 (2017).
L. Robeson, J. Membr. Sci. 320, 390 (2008).
R. A. Pasternak, M. V. Christensen, and J. Heller, Macromolecules 3, 366 (1970).
M. Mukaddam, E. Litwiller, and I. Pinnau, Macromolecules 49, 280 (2016).
N. Belov, Yu. Nizhegorodova, A. Zharov, I. Konovalova, V. Shantarovich, and Yu. Yampolskii, J. Membr. Sci. 495, 431 (2015).
N. Belov, R. Nikiforov, E. Polunin, Y. Pogodina, I. Zavarzin, V. Shantarovich, and Yu. Yampolskii, J. Membr. Sci. 565, 112 (2018).
J. A. Barrie, J. D. Levine, A. S. Michaels, and P. Wong, Trans. Faraday Soc. 59, 869 (1963).
J. M. Henis and M. K. Tripodi, J. Membr. Sci. 8, 233 (1981).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
X-ray diffraction and ATR-IR measurements were made using the equipment of the Shared-Use Center “Analytical Center for Deep Petroleum Refining and Petroleum Chemistry” at the Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Funding
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 18-19-00258.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by S. Zatonsky
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Belov, N.A., Blinov, I.A., Suvorov, A.V. et al. Gas Permeability of Cellulose Acetate Films Treated with Fluorine in Perfluorodecalin. Membr. Membr. Technol. 3, 114–123 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2517751621020025
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2517751621020025