Abstract
The principles of creating biomedical materials based on biopolymers and their compositions for various medical applications are considered. The direction of creating materials with antimicrobial activity is especially emphasized using the example of polyhydroxyalkanoates. These biopolymers and composites based on them are most frequently used in the production of medical devices. Polyhydroxyalkanoates as a class of biopolymers, as well as polyhydroxybutyrate, the representative of this class most suitable for biomedical use, are analyzed in the context of increasing resistance to microorganisms. Progress in this direction achieved in recent years is reported. The influence of the supramolecular and molecular structure of the materials on the ability to biodegrade in the environment and a living organism is considered. The advantage of mixtures of biopolymers for achieving high degradation rates in comparison with the original polymers is noted. Promising antiseptics based on porphyrin metal complexes in combination with biopolymer nonwoven fibrous matrices are demonstrated. Characteristic features of preclinical tests of antiseptic materials are considered. A conclusion is drawn that the structural organization of a polymeric material or composite determines the level of intermolecular interactions during the formation of the material and thereby programs the set of functional properties and mechanism of degradation under the influence of aggressive external factors.
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Tyubaeva, P.M., Popov, A.A. & Olkhov, A.A. Traditional and New Approaches to the Creation of Biomedical Materials Based on Polyhydroxyalkanoates with Antimicrobial Activity. Inorg. Mater. Appl. Res. 14, 1165–1185 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113323050465
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113323050465