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Effect of Climatic Factors on Nesting of the Sandhill Crane Antigone canadensis in West Chukotka

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Contemporary Problems of Ecology Aims and scope

Abstract

Climate change is well-pronounced in high latitudes. The quick westward expansion of the sandhill crane breeding range in Eurasia requires an analysis of the impact of the species on Arctic ecosystems. We employ data about 223 sandhill crane nests in the Chaun Lowland, West Chukotka. We investigate the date of clutch onset, clutch sizes, egg sizes, nest density, and nesting success. We test the above parameters against climatic characteristics of the site in order the learn their effect on the reproductive potential of the species. The most important climatic characteristics that determine the increase in nest density, clutch and egg sizes, earlier clutch onset, and higher nesting success included the first frost-free day, the integrated characteristic of May (cold or warm according to the sum of positive temperatures), and the sum of average daily temperatures in the second half of May. The maximum reproductive potential of the sandhill crane is realized under conditions of warm and early spring.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank the Chukotka Mining and Geological Company (a subsidiary of Kinross Gold) for the logistics and transport support of the project. We also thank K.G. Pavlyukov, laboratory assistant at the Laboratory of Ornithology, Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, and T.A. Chasovskikh (village of Rytkuchi) for data on the spring arrival of cranes. Twenty-eight volunteers from the Monitoring Bird Communities of the Chaun–Palyavaam River delta in Connection with Climate Change and the Influence of Anthropogenic Factors project took part in collecting material on crane nesting, and we express our deepest gratitude to all of them. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers.

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Barykina, D.A., Solovyeva, D.V. Effect of Climatic Factors on Nesting of the Sandhill Crane Antigone canadensis in West Chukotka. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 17, 42–53 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425524010037

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