Abstract
This paper investigates numerically the characteristics of subcooled flow boiling of a magnetic nanofluid (refrigerant-113 and 4 vol% Fe3O4) in a vertical annulus, which is exposed to a nonuniform transverse magnetic field generated by the quadrupole magnet. A control volume technique and SIMPLEC algorithm have been used for discretizing the governing equations and pressure-velocity coupling, respectively. The two-fluid model has been used to simulate subcooled flow boiling of the refrigerant-113. The results indicate that subcooled flow boiling characteristics change not only by using nanofluid as the working fluid, but also by applying the nonuniform transverse magnetic field. In the presence of the aforementioned magnetic field due to the Kelvin force, the fluid attracted to the outer wall. This leads to higher bubble detachment frequency so that the heat pumping is increased and the void fraction on the heated wall is decreased. Thus, the critical heat flux as one of the most important parameters in boiling processes will be increased.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rosensweig, R.E., Ferrohydrodynamics, London: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
Hiegeister, R., Andra, W., Buske, N., Hergt, R., Hilger, I., Richter, U., and Kaiser, W., Application of Magnetite Ferrofluids for Hyperthermia, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1999, vol. 201, pp. 420–422.
Nakatsuka, K., Jeyadevan, B., Neveu, S., and Koganezawa, H., The Magnetic Fluid for Heat Transfer Applications, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2002, vol. 252, pp. 360–362.
Shuchi, S., Sakatani, K., and Yamaguchi, H., An Application of a BinaryMixture ofMagnetic Fluid for Heat Transport Devices, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2005, vol. 289, pp. 257–259.
Wen, C.Y., Chen, C.Y., and Yang, S.F., Flow Visualization of Natural Convection of Magnetic Fluid in a Rectangular Hele-Shaw Cell, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2002, vol. 252, pp. 206–208.
Krakov, M.S. and Nikiforov, I.V., To the Influence ofUniformMagnetic Field on Thermomagnetic Convection in Square Cavity, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2002, vol. 252, pp. 209–211.
Yamaguchi, H., Zhang, Z., Shuchi, S., and Shimada, K., Heat Transfer Characteristics ofMagnetic Fluid in a Partitioned Rectangular Box, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2002, vol. 252, pp. 203–205.
Snyder, S.M., Cader, T., and Finlayson, B.A., Finite ElementModel ofMagnetoconvection of a Ferrofluid, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2003, vol. 252, pp. 269–279.
Ganguly, R., Sen, S., and Puri, I.K., Thermomagnetic Convection in a Square Enclosure Using a Line-Dipole, Phys. Fluids, 2004, vol. 16, pp. 2228–2236.
Wen, C.Y. and Su, W.P., Natural Convection of Magnetic Fluid in a Rectangular Hele-Shaw Cell, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2005, vol. 289, pp. 209–302.
Tagawa, T., Ujihara, A., and Ozoe, H., Average Heat Transfer RatesMeasured in Two Different Temperature Ranges forMagnetic Convection of HorizontalWater Layer Heated from Below, Int. J. HeatMass Transfer, 2006, vol. 49, pp. 3555–3560.
Jafari, A., Tynjala, T., Mousavi, S.M., and Sarkomaa, P., Simulation of Heat Transfer in a Ferrofluid Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Technique, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 2008, vol. 29, pp. 1197–1202.
Bozhko, A. and Putin, G., Thermomagnetic Convection as a Tool for Heat and Mass Transfer Control in NanosizeMaterials under Microgravity Conditions, Micrograv. Sci. Tech., 2009, vol. 2, pp. 89–93.
Tzirtzilakis, E.E., Sakalis, V.D., Kafoussias, N., and Hatzikonstantinou, P.M., Biomagnetic Fluid Flow in a 3D Rectangular Duct, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids, 2004, vol. 44, pp. 1279–1298.
Aminfar, H., Mohammadpourfard, M., and Narrimanikahnamouei, Y., A 3D Numerical Simulation of Mixed Convection of aMagnetic Nanofluid in the Presence of Nonuniform Magnetic Field in a Vertical Tube Using Two-PhaseMixture Model, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2011, vol. 323, pp. 1963–1972.
Aminfar, H., Mohammadpourfard, M., and Mohseni, F., Two-Phase Mixture Model Simulation of the Hydrothermal Behavior of an Electrical Conductive Ferrofluid in the Presence of Magnetic Fields, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2011, vol. 324, pp. 830–842.
Aminfar, H., Mohammadpourfard, M., and Ahangarzonouzi, S., Numerical Study of the Ferrofluid Flow and Heat Transfer through a Rectangular Duct in the Presence of a Nonuniform Transverse Magnetic Field, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2013, vol. 327, pp. 31–42.
Yang, L., Ren, J., Song, Y., Min, J., and Gou, Z., Convection Heat Transfer Enhancement of Air in a Rectangular Duct by Application of a Magnetic Quadrupole Field, Int. J. Eng. Sci., 2004, vol. 42, pp. 491–597.
Yang, L., Ren, J., Song, Y., Min, J., and Gou, Z., Free Convection of aGas Induced Biomagnetic Quadrupole Field, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2003, vol. 261, pp. 377–384.
Bahiraei, M. and Hangi, M., Investigating the Efficacy of Magnetic Nanofluid as a Coolant in Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger in the Presence of Magnetic Field, Energy Convers.Manag., 2013, vol. 76, pp. 1125–1133.
Lee, T., Lee, J., and Jeong, Y., Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux Characteristics of Magnetic Nanofluid at Atmospheric Pressure and Low Mass Flux Conditions, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2013, vol. 56, pp. 101–106.
Vafaei, S. and Wen, D., Critical Heat Flux (CHF) of Subcooled Flow Boiling of Alumina Nanofluids in a HorizontalMicrochannel, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2010, vol. 132, no. 10, 102404.
Kim, T.I., Jeong, Y.H., and Chang, S.H., An Experimental Study on CHF Enhancement in Flow Boiling Using Al2O3 Nanofluids, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2010, vol. 53, pp. 1015–1022.
Kim, F.J., Mckerll, T., Buongiorno, J., and Hu, L., Alumina Nanoparticles Enhance the Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux ofWater at Low Pressure, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2008, vol. 130, no. 4, 044501.
Kamiyama, S. and Ishimoto, J., Boiling Two-Phase Flows of Magnetic Fluid in a Non-Uniform Magnetic Field, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1995, vol. 149, pp. 125–131.
Arias, F.J., Film Boiling in Magnetic Field in Liquid Metals with Particular Reference to Fusion Reactor Project, J. Fusion Energy, 2010, vol. 29, pp. 130–133.
Ishimoto, J., Stability of the Boiling Two-Phase Flow of a Magnetic Fluid, ASME J. Appl. Mech., 2007, vol. 74, pp. 1187–1194.
Roy, R.P., Kang, S., Zarate, U.A., and Laporta, A., Turbulent Subcooled Boiling Flow—Experiments and Simulations, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2000, vol. 124, pp. 73–93.
Tu, J.Y. and Yeoh, G.H., On Numerical Modeling of Low Pressure Subcooled Boiling Flows, Int. J. Heat Transfer, 2002, vol. 45, pp. 1197–1209.
Zborowski, M. and Chalmers, J., Magnetic Cell Separation, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008.
Hamilton, R.L. and Crosser, O.K., Thermal Conductivity of Heterogeneous Two-Component System, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., 1962, vol. 1, pp. 187–191.
Khanafer, K., Vafai, K., and Lightstone, M., Buoyancy-Driven Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Two-Dimensional Enclosure Utilizing Nanofluids, Int. J. HeatMass Transfer, 2003, vol. 46, pp. 3639–3653.
Kurul, N. and Podowski, Z., On the Modeling of Multidimensional Effects in Boiling Channels, ANS Proc. 27th National Heat Transfer Conf., July 28–31, Minneapolis, MN, 1991.
Kurul, N. and Podowski, Z., Multidimensional Effects on Forced Convection Subcooled Boiling, Proc. Ninth Int. Heat Transfer Conf., vol. 2, August 19–24, Jerusalem, Israel, 1990, pp. 21–26.
Egorov, Y. and Menter, F., Experimental Implementation of the RPIWall BoilingModel in CFX-5.6, Techn. Report ANSYS/TR-04-10, 2004.
Tolubinski, V.I. and Kostanchuk, D.M., Vapor Bubbles Growth Rate and Heat Transfer Intensity at SubcooledWater Boiling, Fourth Int. Heat Transfer Conf., Paris, France, 1970.
Lemmert, M. and Chawla, J.M., Influence of Flow Velocity on Surface Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient, Heat Transfer and Boiling, Hahne, E. and Grigull, U., Eds., Academic Press, 1977.
Victor, H., Del Valle, M., and Kenning, D.B.R., Subcooled Flow Boiling at High Heat Flux, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 1985, vol. 28, pp. 1907–1920.
Ishii, M. and Zuber, N., Drag Coefficient and RelativeVelocity in Bubbly, Droplet or Particulate Flows, AIChE J., 1979, vol. 25, pp. 843–855.
Schiller, L. and Naumann, A., VDI Zeits, 1933, vol. 77, p.318.
Tomiyama, A., Struggle with Computational BubbleDynamics, Proc. Third Int. Conf. on Multiphase Flow, ICMF’98, June 8–12, Lyon, France, 1998.
Antal, S.P., Lahey, R.T., and Flaherty, J.E., Analysis of Phase Distribution in Fully Developed Laminar Bubbly Two-Phase Flow, Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 1991, vol. 7, pp. 635–652.
Zuber, N., On the Dispersed Two-Phase Flow in the Laminar Flow Regime, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1964, vol. 19, pp. 897–917.
Hsu, Y.Y., On the Size of Range of Active Nucleation Cavities on a Heating Surface, Trans. ASME J. Heat Transfer, 1962, vol. 84, p.207.
Jakob, M., Heat Transfer, vol. 1, New York:Wiley, 1958.
Zuber, N., Nucleate Boiling—The Region of Isolated Bubbles-Similarly with Natural Convection, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 1963, vol. 6, p. 53.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mohammadpourfard, M., Aminfar, H. & Karimi, M. Numerical investigation of subcooled boiling characteristics of magnetic nanofluid under the effect of quadrupole magnetic field. J. Engin. Thermophys. 26, 427–446 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232817030122
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232817030122