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Microwave-Assisted One-Pot Synthesis of Spiro[indole-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles] Using Polystyrene-Supported p-Toluenesulfonic Acid as Heterogeneous Catalyst under Solvent-Free Conditions

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Abstract

A microwave-assisted protocol has been developed for the synthesis of diversely functionalized spiro[indole-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole] derivatives through one-pot three-component domino reaction of isatin, malononitrile, and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-one in the presence of polystyrene-supported p-toluenesulfonic acid (PS-PTSA) under solvent-fee conditions. The proposed approach offers several advantages such as short reaction time, simple operational procedure, high yield, and readily available inexpensive catalyst. The heterogeneous catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction medium and reused in consecutive reaction cycles without any significant change in the catalytic activity.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors acknowledge GITAM Deemed to be University for providing the lab and other facilities.

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This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, 502102, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    A. Surya Kumari, C. Sudhakar & K. Swarupa

  2. Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree College for Women, 502001, Sangareddy, India

    A. Surya Kumari

  3. Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology, Keesara, 501301, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    K. Swarupa

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  1. A. Surya Kumari
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Kumari, A.S., Sudhakar, C. & Swarupa, K. Microwave-Assisted One-Pot Synthesis of Spiro[indole-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles] Using Polystyrene-Supported p-Toluenesulfonic Acid as Heterogeneous Catalyst under Solvent-Free Conditions. Russ J Org Chem 59, 1747–1754 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S107042802310010X

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