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Flavonoids and Lignans of Nepeta multifida (Lamiaceae) Leaves and Their Biological Activity

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Abstract

A perennial plant Nepeta multifida L. (syn. Schizonepeta multifida (L.) Briq.) is one of the most common species of the Lamiaceae family growing in Eastern Siberia and used in traditional oriental medicine. The chemical composition of N. multifida has not been sufficiently studied. Chromatographic separation of phenolic compounds of N. multifida leaves using column chromatography and preparative HPLC made it possible to isolate 16 compounds, including a new flavonoid identified as luteolin-7-O-(3″,6″-di-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside, according to UV, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Known compounds were luteolin and apigenin O-glycosides, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acids A and B, and schizotenuin A. Quantitative analysis of N. multifida leaves in various phases of plant development by HPLC-UV assay showed the high content of rosmarinic acid (8.36–35.71 mg/g), luteolin-7-O-glucuronide (2.03–14.18 mg/g) and schizotenuin A (5.29–9.56 mg/g). The highest level of phenolic compounds was found in the flowering and fruiting phases. Using Ellman’s spectrophotometric method, it was found that N. multifida leaf extract and some compounds had antiacetylcholinesterase activity and luteolin glycosides being the most active showed the level of concentration of half-maximal enzyme inhibition (IC50) 29.03– 58.36 μg/mL. Thus, as a result of the present study, it was found that the leaves of N. multifida contain various groups of phenolic compounds capable of inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase.

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DATA AVAILABILITY

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The research was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of scientific project no. 121030100227-7.

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  1. Institute of General and Experimental Biology SB RAS, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia

    N. I. Kashchenko & D. N. Olennikov

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  1. N. I. Kashchenko
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  2. D. N. Olennikov
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The authors NIK and DNO—selected the literature data on the review topic, contributed to manuscript preparation. All authors participated in the discussions.

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Correspondence to D. N. Olennikov.

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Kashchenko, N.I., Olennikov, D.N. Flavonoids and Lignans of Nepeta multifida (Lamiaceae) Leaves and Their Biological Activity. Russ J Bioorg Chem 49, 1689–1698 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162023070695

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