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Biological activity of usnic acid and its derivatives: Part 2. effects on higher organisms. Molecular and physicochemical aspects

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Abstract

Usnic acid (UA) is a commercially available lichen metabolite. Its biological activity is diverse, and it is of interest for pharmacopoeia. The second part of the review is dedicated to the biological action of UA and its derivatives on higher organisms. Effects exhibited by UA at the cellular level and the molecular and physicochemical aspects of its biological activity are considered. Special attention is placed on the possibility of modifying the biological activity of UA by change of its bioavailability or modification of its molecular structure.

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Abbreviations

ALT:

alanine aminotransferase

DPPH:

diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl radical

ED50 :

the amount of substance that causes the expected effect in 50% of individuals

IC50 :

sub-stance concentration inhibiting the test reaction by 50%

LC50 :

LC90, and LC100 are substance concentrations that cause death of 50, 90, and 100% of individuals, respectively

LD50 :

the amount of the consumed substance that causes death of 50% of individuals

LDH:

lactate dehydrogenase

PARP:

poly(ADP-Rib) polymerase

RNS:

reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

UA:

usnic acid

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  1. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrent’eva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    O. A. Luzina & N. F. Salakhutdinov

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Original Russian Text © O.A. Luzina, N.F. Salakhutdinov, 2016, published in Bioorganicheskaya Khimiya, 2016, Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 276–300.

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Luzina, O.A., Salakhutdinov, N.F. Biological activity of usnic acid and its derivatives: Part 2. effects on higher organisms. Molecular and physicochemical aspects. Russ J Bioorg Chem 42, 249–268 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162016030109

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