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Levels and Factors of the Accumulation of Metals and Metalloids in Roadside Soils, Road Dust, and Their PM10 Fraction in the Western Okrug of Moscow

  • SOURCES, WAYS, AND EXTENT OF SOIL POLLUTION
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Abstract—

A comprehensive geochemical analysis of 18 chemical elements (As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ta, V, W, and Zn) in roadside soils, road dust, and their physical clay fraction (particles <10 μm in diameter (PM10)) has been performed for the first time for the Western administrative okrug (WAO) of Moscow. The priority pollutants of roadside soils and their PM10 fraction are W, Sb, Mo, Cu, Cd, Sn, Zn, and Bi. In the PM10 fraction, the concentration of most of these elements is noticeably higher because of a larger specific surface area. At the same levels of accumulation, the list of priority pollutants in road dust is shorter than in the soils. In the PM10 fraction of roadside soils and road dust, the priority pollutants are the same, but their content is about two times higher. In the soil–road dust system, a general W–Sb–Sn–Mo–Zn–Cu paragenesis is formed, and in the subsystem associated with the PM10 fraction, significant correlations exist for Cu, Mo, and Sb, which indicates the predominant role of fine particles in the transfer of elements between soil and dust. The results of the regression analysis indicate that the accumulation of chemical elements in soils and their PM10 fraction is controlled by the geochemical position, soil texture, type of road, and soil reaction. In road dust and its PM10 fraction, the leading factors for the accumulation of elements are the volume of vehicle emissions and the type of road, as well as the physicochemical properties of the dust. Contamination of the fine dust fraction is very high and very dangerous (total contamination factor Zc = 113), and the similar fraction of roadside soils is characterized by the high to very high (Zc = 71) contamination along large roads under the impact of traffic. In general, the level of contamination of roadside soils and road dust in the WAO is moderately hazardous with minor fluctuations on different types of roads.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are thankful to L.A. Berberdaya, N.Yu. Kuzminskaya, K.S. Nabelkina, A.V. Ryzhov, A.G. Tsykhman, and G.L. Shinkareva for their participation in field and laboratory works and to V.R. Bityukova for the provided data on the volumes of vehicle exhausts.

Funding

Field and laboratory works were carried out under contract no. 04/2017-И with the Russian Geographical Society. The analysis and interpretation of data on the contents of heavy metals and metalloids in the road dust particles and roadside soils and the assessment of geochemical relationships were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-77-30004). The factors favoring the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in the roadside soils and road dust were studied within the framework of the Development program of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov Moscow State University “Future Planet and Global Environmental Change.”

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    D. V. Vlasov, O. V. Kukushkina, N. E. Kosheleva & N. S. Kasimov

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Vlasov, D.V., Kukushkina, O.V., Kosheleva, N.E. et al. Levels and Factors of the Accumulation of Metals and Metalloids in Roadside Soils, Road Dust, and Their PM10 Fraction in the Western Okrug of Moscow. Eurasian Soil Sc. 55, 556–572 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229322050118

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