Skip to main content
Log in

Change in the Character of Biaxial Stresses with an Increase in x from 0 to 0.7 in Al x Ga1 – xN:Si Layers Obtained by Ammonia Molecular Beam Epitaxy

  • Microcrystalline, Nanocrystalline, Porous, and Composite Semiconductors
  • Published:
Semiconductors Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The deformation mode and defect structure of Al x Ga1 – xN:Si epitaxial layers (x = 0–0.7) grown by molecular beam epitaxy and doped with Si under a constant silane flux are studied by X-ray diffractometry. The concentration of Si atoms in the layers measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry is (4.0–8.0) × 1019 cm–3. It is found that the lateral residual stresses are compressive at x < 0.4 and become tensile at x > 0.4. The stresses after the end of growth are estimated and the contribution to the deformation mode of the layers of both the coalescence of nuclei of the growing layer and misfit stresses in the layer–buffer system are discussed. It is found that the density of vertical screw and edge dislocations are maximal at x = 0.7 and equal to 1.5 × 1010 and 8.2 × 1010 cm–2, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. P. A. Bokhan, P. P. Gugin, D. E. Zakrevsky, K. S. Zhuravlev, T. V. Malin, I. V. Osinnykh, V. I. Solomonov, and A. V. Spirina, J. Appl. Phys. 116, 113103 (2014).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. I. V. Osinnykh, T. V. Malin, V. F. Plyusnin, A. S. Suranov, A. M. Gilinski, and K. S. Zhuravlev, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 55, 05FG09 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. S. Zhuravlev, I. V. Osinnykh, D. Yu. Protasov, T. V. Malin, V. Yu. Davydov, A. N. Smirnov, R. N. Kyutt, A. V. Spirina, and V. I. Solomonov, Phys. Status Solidi C 10, 315 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. V. V. Ratnikov, R. N. Kyutt, A. N. Smirnov, V. Yu. Davydov, M. P. Scheglov, T. V. Malin, and K. S. Zhuravlev, Crystallogr. Rep. 58, 1023 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. D. Zolotukhin, D. Nechaev, N. Kuznetsova, V. Ratnikov, S. Rouvimov, V. Jmerik, and S. Ivanov, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 741, 012025 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  6. S. Raghavan and J. M. Redwing, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 023514 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. R. G. Wilson, F. A. Stevie, and C. W. Magee, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. A Practical Handbook for Depth Profiling and Bulk Impurity Analysis (Wiley, New York, 1989).

    Google Scholar 

  8. P. Y. Fewster and A. Andrew, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 20, 451 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. G. A. Rozgonii and T. J. Ciesielka, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 44, 1053 (1973).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. G. G. Stoney, Proc. R. Soc. London 82, 172 (1909).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. A. Moram and M. E. Vickers, Rep. Progr. Phys. 72, 036502 (2009).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. Borisov, V. Kuryatkov, u. Kudryavtsev, R. Asomoza, S. Nikishin, D. Y. Song, M. Holtz, and H. Temkin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 132106 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Z. H. Lu, T. Tyliszczak, P. Broderson, A. P. Hitchcock, J. B. Webb, H. Tang, and J. Bardwell, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 534 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Y. Zhang, W. Liu, and H. Niu, Phys. Rev. B 77, 035201 (2008).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Albrecht, J. L. Weyher, B. Lucznik, I. Grzegory, and S. Porowski, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231909 (2008).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Landolt-Börnstein, Physics of Group IV Elements and III–V Compounds, Ed. by O. Madelung (Springer, New York, 1982), Vol.

    Google Scholar 

  17. 17. S. Heanre, E. Chason, and J. Han, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 356 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. P. Cantu, F. Wu, P. Waltereit, S. Keller, A. E. Romanov, S. P. den Baars, and J. S. Speck, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 103534 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. W. D. Nix and B. V. Clemens, J. Mater. Res. 14, 3467 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. A. Cremades, L. Gorgens, O. Ambacher, M. Stutzmann, and F. Scholz, Phys. Rev. B 61, 2812 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. L. T. Romano, C. G. van de Walle, J. W. Ager III, W. Götz, and R. S. Kern, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 7745 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. T. Bottcher, S. Einfeldt, S. Figge, R. Chierchia, H. Heinke, D. Hommel, and J. S. Speck, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 1976 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. J. G. Kim, A. Kimura, and Y. Ketei, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 033511 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. P. Boguslawski and J. Bernholc, Phys. Rev. B 56, 9496 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. V. Ratnikov.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © V.V. Ratnikov, M.P. Sheglov, B.Ya. Ber, D.Yu. Kazantsev, I.V. Osinnykh, T.V. Malin, K.S. Zhuravlev, 2018, published in Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov, 2018, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 233–237.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ratnikov, V.V., Sheglov, M.P., Ber, B.Y. et al. Change in the Character of Biaxial Stresses with an Increase in x from 0 to 0.7 in Al x Ga1 – xN:Si Layers Obtained by Ammonia Molecular Beam Epitaxy. Semiconductors 52, 221–225 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782618020136

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782618020136

Navigation