Abstract
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of indium-tin oxide (ITO) films produced by electron-beam evaporation, magnetron sputtering, and a combined method are studied. It is demonstrated that, despite the high transparency of the electron-beam-deposited ITO films in the visible spectral range, their conductivity and refractive index are noticeably lower than the respective parameters of ITO films deposited by magnetron sputtering. A technique for the fabrication of double-layer systems by the combination of these two deposition techniques is developed. As a result, we obtained the films, which possess the advantages of magnetron-sputtered layers and can be used as contact layers to p-type GaN in LEDs for the blue and nearultraviolet (near-UV) spectral ranges.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
T. Margalith, O. Buchinsky, D. A. Cohen, A. C. Abare, M. Hansen, S. P. DenBaars, and L. A. Coldren, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 3930 (1999).
C. S. Chang, S. J. Chang, Y. K. Su, Y. C. Lin, Y. P. Hsu, S. C. Shei, S. C. Chen, C. H. Liu, and U. H. Liaw, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 18, L21 (2003).
Y. C. Lin, S. J. Chang, Y. K. Su, T. Y. Tsai, C. S. Chang, S. C. Shei, C. W. Kuo, and S. C. Chen, Solid State Electron. 47, 849 (2003).
Y. C. Lin, S. J. Chang, Y. K. Su, C. S. Chang, S. C. Shei, J. C. Ke, H. M. Lo, S. C. Chen, and C. W. Kuo, Solid State Electron. 47, 1565 (2003).
C. H. Kuo, S. J. Chang, Y. K. Su, R. W. Chuang, C. S. Chang, L. W. Wu, W. C. Lai, J. F. Chen, J. K. Sheu, H. M. Lo, and J. M. Tsai, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 106, 69 (2004).
F.-A. Shu, US Patent No. 2006/0046460 A1 (2006).
P. Chan, R. Wang, and L. Lei, US Patent No. 2009/0065795 A1 (2009).
S. Hiraoka, H. Okagawa, and T. Joichi, US Patent No. 2010/0012971 A1 (2010).
D. W. Kim, Y. J. Yoon, D. H. Oh, and J. H. Kim, US Patent No. 7.998.761 B2 (2011).
L. K. Markov, I. P. Smirnova, A. S. Pavlyuchenko, E. M. Arakcheeva, and M. M. Kulagina, Semiconductors 43, 1521 (2009).
I. P. Smirnova, L. K. Markov, A. S. Pavlyuchenko, and M. V. Kukushkin, Semiconductors 46, 369 (2012).
S. J. Pearton, J. C. Zolper, R. J. Shul, and F. Ren, J. Appl. Phys. 86, 1 (1999).
S. A. Smith, C. A. Wolden, M. D. Bremser, A. D. Hanser, and R. F. Davis, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3631 (1997).
R. J. Shul, in GaN and Related Materials II, Ed. by S. J. Pearton (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1998).
X. A. Cao, S. J. Pearton, A. P. Zhang, G. T. Dang, F. Ren, R. J. Shul, L. Zhang, R. Hickman, and J. M. van Hove, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 2569 (1999).
M. Bender, EP Patent No. 1489196 A1 (2004).
C.-H. Shen and T.-Ch. Hung, US Patent No. 2013/0075779 A1 (2013).
S. Daisuke, K. Takeshi, S. Takahiko, and K. Hisatsugu, Jpn. Patent No. JP-A-2005-317931 (2005).
E. Bertran, C. Corbella, M. Vives, A. Pinyol, C. Person, and I. Porqueras, Solid State Ionics 165, 139 (2003).
R. H. Horng, C. C. Yang, J. Y. Wu, S. H. Huang, C. E. Lee, and D. S. Wuu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 221101 (2005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © I.P. Smirnova, L.K. Markov, A.S. Pavlyuchenko, M.V. Kukushkin, S.I. Pavlov, 2014, published in Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov, 2014, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 61–66.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smirnova, I.P., Markov, L.K., Pavlyuchenko, A.S. et al. Optimization of the deposition technique of thin ITO films used as transparent conducting contacts for blue and near-UV LEDs. Semiconductors 48, 58–62 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782614010230
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782614010230