Abstract
It is shown that FTF (FRITIOF) model, used in the Geant4 toolkit for simulations of hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions at high energies, describes well the NA61/SHINE collaboration data on \({{\pi }^{ - }}\) meson distributions in \(^{{{\text{40}}}}{\text{Ar}} + \,{{\,}^{{45}}}{\text{Sc}}\) interactions with centralities 0–5% at \(\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} = \) 5.2, 6.1, 7.6 and 8.8 GeV. At higher energies, \(\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} = \) 11.9 and 16.8 GeV, the model underestimates the experimental data. This is considered as an indication of the formation of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at higher energies in the central collisions of light and intermediate nuclei than in collisions of heavy nuclei (\(\sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} \sim 6\) GeV). At the moment, simulations of the hard parton-parton scatterings and the formation of the quark-gluon plasma are not included in the Geant4 FTF model.
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\(a = {c \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {c {\ln }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\ln }}({{M_{{x,\max }}^{2}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{M_{{x,\max }}^{2}} {M_{{x,\min }}^{2}}}} \right. \kern-0em} {M_{{x,\min }}^{2}}})\), \(b = {{(1 - c)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{(1 - c)} {(M_{{x,\max }}^{2} - M_{{x,\min }}^{2})}}} \right. \kern-0em} {(M_{{x,\max }}^{2} - M_{{x,\min }}^{2})}}\), \(c = 0.55\) for non-diffractive interactions, where \(M_{{x,\min }}^{2}\) and \(M_{{x,\max }}^{2}\) are minimal and maximal values allowed by the kinematic of the reactions. \(c = 1\) for one-vertex diffraction dissociation processes. In the actual calculations the ligth-cone variable (\({{P}^{ - }} = E - {{P}_{z}}\)) was used instead of \(M_{x}^{2}\).
The Geant4 package [11] is applied for a simulation of a particle propagation in a matter. It allows one to estimate a detector response. Thus it is used by many experimental groups in all over the world and especially by all collaborations of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), for design, calibration and operation study of detectors.
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Galoyan, A., Ribon, A. & Uzhinsky, V. Geant4 FTF Model Description of the Latest Data by the NA61/SHINE Collaboration on 40Ar + 45Sc Interactions. Phys. Part. Nuclei 54, 647–650 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779623040159
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779623040159